Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) | Dr. Vedant Karvir
                     INFLAMMATORY 
BOWEL DISEASE
DR. VEDANT KARVIR
(Chief Hepato Gastroenterologist)
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBS)
 Disorders of the digestive tract are combined under the term inflammatory 
bowel disease. Ibd mainly affects the tissue present in the large intestine 
and results in ulcers and bleeding along with pain and cramps in the 
abdomen. The cause of ibd is still unknown. The two main types of ibd are :
• Ulcerative colitis – in ulcerative colitis inflammation of the tissue occurs in 
the lining of the large intestine(colon) and rectum.
• Crohn’s disease – crohn’s disease is characterized by inflammation of the 
lining anywhere in the digestive tract.
 Both crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis result in diarrhea, rectal bleeding, 
abdominal pain, weight loss, and fatigue. It may also lead to life-threatening 
complications if not treated well in time.
What are the symptoms of IBD?
 The symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease may range from mild to severe 
depending on the place of inflammation. You may have bouts of active illness with 
intermittent bouts of remission.
 Some signs and symptoms that are commonly seen in both crohn’s disease and 
ulcerative colitis are:
• Abdominal pain and cramps
• Fatigue
• Unexplained weight loss
• Blood in stool
• Little or no appetite
• Diarrhea
What causes 
of IBD?
The exact cause of IBD is 
not known but one 
possible cause may be 
an immune system 
malfunction. When the 
immune system fights off 
foreign bacteria that try 
to invade the body cells, 
it sometimes attacks the 
cells of the intestine as 
well. IBD is more 
common in people who 
have a family history of 
someone suffering from 
the same disease.
What are the risk factors?
Age Cigarette smoking Anti-inflammatory 
medication
Most people diagnosed Crohn’s disease is more Anti-inflammatory 
with IBD are below thirty common in people who medicines such as 
but sometimes it is seen smoke cigarettes. ibuprofen, naproxen 
in people above the age sodium, diclofenac 
of fifty sodium, etc. Increase the 
risk of contracting IBD or 
worsen the symptoms in 
people already suffering 
from the disease.
Complications
Some complications are commonly seen in both ulcerative colitis and 
crohn’s disease. These include:
• Skin, eye, and joint inflammation.
• Scarring and narrowing of the bile duct, leading to liver damage.
• Blood clots in arteries and veins.
• Increased risk of colon cancer.
Complications
Specific complications of Specific complications of 
crohn’s disease: ulcerative colitis
• Malnutrition- diarrhea and abdominal • Severe dehydration – ulcerative colitis 
pain make it difficult to eat proper meals is characterized by diarrhea which can 
ultimately resulting in malnutrition. further lead to severe dehydration.
• Fistulas – inflammation can lead to the • Perforated colon – ulcerative colitis 
formation of fistulas near and around the may lead to a hole in the colon.
anus which can be very painful if it gets 
infected. • Toxic megacolon – the colon shows 
• Anal fissure – fissure is a small tear in the excessive swelling and may widen 
tissue lining the anus. It results in painful leading to a condition called toxic 
bowel movements and may  lead to fistula. megacolon.
Treatment of inflammatory bowel 
disease
IBD can be managed by prescribing medicines to reduce inflammation that causes sores. 
Lifestyle changes have a positive effect and help reduce stress and anxiety.
Get in Touch:
Address: Globus Gastroenterology Hospital, 201, Second Floor, 
Kothari
Milestone Mall, Near Natraj Market, S V Road, Malad West 400064
Phone: +91 98331 06104, 98331 87118 
Email: [email protected]
Website: globushospital.in