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What is 
java?
Java is a general-purpose, class-based, object-oriented programming language designed for 
having  lesser implementation dependencies. It is a computing platform for application 
development.
Java is fast, secure, and reliable, therefore. It is widely used for developing Java 
applications in  laptops, data centers, game consoles, scientific supercomputers, cell 
phones, etc.
What is Java 
JPaval Palattfofrmo isr a mcolle?ction of programs that help programmers to develop 
and  run Java programming applications efficiently. It includes an execution 
engine, a  compiler, and a set of libraries in it. It is a set of computer 
software and  specifications. James Gosling developed the Java platform at 
Sun Microsystems,  and the Oracle Corporation later acquired it.
What is Java used 
fHoerre? are some important Java applications:
It is used for developing Android 
Apps  Helps you to create Enterprise 
Software  Wide range of Mobile Java 
Applications  Scientific Computing 
Applications
Use for Big Data Analytics
Java Programming of Hardware 
devices
Used for Server-Side Technologies like 
Apache, JBoss, GlassFish, etc.
History of Java Programming 
Language
Here are important landmarks from the history of the Java 
language:
The Java language was initially called OAK.
Originally, it was developed for handling portable devices and set-
top  boxes. Oak was a massive failure.
In 1995, Sun changed the name to “Java” and modified the 
language to  take advantage of the burgeoning www (World Wide 
Web) development  business.
Later, in 2009, Oracle Corporation acquired Sun Microsystems and 
took  ownership of three key Sun software assets: Java, MySQL, and 
Solaris.
Java 
HFeree aaret soumre eimpsortant Java features:
It is one of the easy-to-use programming languages to learn.  
Write code once and run it on almost any computing 
platform.  Java is platform-independent. Some programs 
developed in one  machine can be executed in another 
machine.
It is designed for building object-oriented applications.
It is a multithreaded language with automatic memory 
management.  It is created for the distributed environment of 
the Internet.
Facilitates distributed computing as its network-centric.
Java Development kit 
JD(KJ Dis aK so)ftware development environment used for making applets 
and  Java applications. The full form of JDK is Java Development Kit. 
Java  developers can use it on Windows, macOS, Solaris, and Linux. JDK 
helps  them to code and run Java programs. It is possible to install 
more than one  JDK version on the same computer.
Java Virtual Machine 
(JavJaV VirtMual M)achine (JVM) is an engine that provides a runtime environment to 
drive  the Java Code or applications. It converts Java bytecode into machine 
language. JVM  is a part of the Java Run Environment (JRE). In other 
programming languages, the  compiler produces machine code for a particular 
system. However, the Java  compiler produces code for a Virtual Machine known 
as Java Virtual Machine.
Java Runtime Environment 
(JRJER isE a) piece of software that is designed to run other software. It  
contains the class libraries, loader class, and JVM. In simple terms, if 
you  want to run a Java program, you need JRE. If you are not a 
programmer,  you don’t need to install JDK, but just JRE to run Java 
programs.
Why use 
JHRereE a?re the main reasons of using JRE:
JRE contains class libraries, JVM, and other supporting files. It does 
not  include any tool for Java development like a debugger, 
compiler, etc.
It uses important package classes like math, swing, util, lang, awt, 
and  runtime libraries.
If you have to run Java applets, then JRE must be installed in your 
system.
Different Types of Java 
PTherle are ftourf diffoerernt tmypes osf Java programing language platforms:
1.Java Platform, Standard Edition (Java SE): Java SE’s API offers the Java programming language’s core 
functionality.  It defines all the basis of type and object to high-level classes. It is used for networking, security, 
database access,  graphical user interface (GUI) development, and XML parsing.
2.Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE): The Java EE platform offers an API and runtime 
environment for  developing and running highly scalable, large-scale, multi-tiered, reliable, and secure 
network applications.
3.Java Programming Language Platform, Micro Edition (Java ME): The Java ME platform offers an API and a 
small-  footprint virtual machine running Java programming language applications on small devices, like 
mobile phones.
4.Java FX: JavaFX is a platform for developing rich internet applications using a lightweight user-interface API. 
It user  hardware-accelerated graphics and media engines that help Java take advantage of higher-
performance clients and  a modern look-and-feel and high-level APIs for connecting to networked data sources.
How is Java Platform 
LIikne tdhee C pcomepnilerd, the Jnavta c?ompiler does not produce native executable code for 
a  particular machine. Instead, Java produces a unique format called bytecode. It 
executes  according to the rules laid out in the virtual machine specification. 
Therefore, Java is a  platform-independent language.
Bytecode is understandable to any JVM installed on any OS. In short, the java 
source code  can run on all operating systems.
what is 
cIn ocomputpingi, lae corm?piler is a computer program that translates computer 
code  written in one programming language into another language.
The name "compiler" is primarily used for programs that translate source 
code  from a high-level programming language to a lower-level language to 
create an  executable program.
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