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                     Programming for the Web
Unit 4  
Web Hosting
What is Web Hosting?
Web hosting is a service that allows organizations and individuals to 
post a  website or web page onto the Internet.
Web hosting is a necessity for any website it is the physical location of 
your  website on the Internet, an online storage center that houses the 
information,  images, video, and other content that comprises your website.
A web hosting service is a type of Internet hosting service that allows  
individuals and organizations to make their website accessible via the World  
Wide Web. Web hosts are companies that provide space on a server owned or  
leased for use by clients, as well as providing Internet connectivity, typically in  
a data center.
Web hosting is the place where all the files of your website live. It is 
like the  home of your website where it actually lives.
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Programming for the Web
In a nutshell, web hosting is the process of renting or buying space to house a  
website on the World Wide Web. Website content such as HTML, CSS, and  
images has to be housed on a server to be viewable online.
When a hosting provider allocates space on a web server for a website to store  
its files, they are hosting a website. Web hosting makes the files that comprise a  
website (code, images, etc.) available for viewing o
ever visited is hosted on a server.
What exactly is a server? A server is a computer that connects other web users  
to your site from anywhere in the world. As the name implies, web hosting  
service providers have the servers, connectivity, and associated services to host  
websites. By offering a variety of hosting plans, they cover the spectrum of  
hosting needs, from small blogs and large organizations.
The amount of space allocated on a server to a website depends on the type of  
hosting. The main types of hosting are shared, dedicated, VPS. They are  
differentiated by the kind of technology used for the server, the level of  
management provided and the additional services on offer.
Types of Hosting:
1. S hared hosting
Shared hosting is perfect for entry-level website hosting. This is where your  
website will be stored on the same server as multiple other websites. With a  
shared hosting plan, all domains share the same server resources, such as RAM  
(Random Access Memory) and CPU (Central Processing Unit). However,  
because all resources are shared, the cost of shared hosting plans are relatively  
low, making them an excellent option for website owners in their beginning  
stages.
2. V irtual private server (VPS) hosting
A VPS hosting plan is the ultimate middle ground between a shared server and a  
dedicated server
necessarily need a dedicated server.
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Programming for the Web
VPS hosting is unique because each website is hosted within its own space on 
 the server, though it still shares a physical server with other users. While VPS 
 hosting provides website owners with more customization and storage space,
meaning that the site performance can still be affected by other sites on the 
 server.
3. D edicated server hosting
Dedicated hosting gives website owners the most control over the server that  
their website is s exclusively rented by you 
 and your website is the only one stored on it. This means that you have full root  
and admin access, so you can control everything from security to operating  
system that you run.
However, all that control comes with a price.
Dedicated servers costs are one of the most expensive web hosting options.
What is Domain/ Domain Name?
Domain name is the address of your website that people type in the browser  
URL bar to visit your website.
In simple terms, if your website was a house, then your domain name will be its  
address.
A domain name can be any combination of letters and numbers, and it can be  
used in combination of the various domain name extensions, such as .com,
.net and more.
The domain name must be registered before you can use it. Every domain  
name is unique. No two websites can have the same domain name. If  
someone types in w ww.yourdomain.com, it will go to your website and 
no  one else's.
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Programming for the Web
The Internet is a giant network of computers connected to each other through a  
global network of cables. Each computer on this network can communicate with  
other computers.
To identify them, each computer is assigned an IP address. It is a series of  
numbers that identify a particular computer on the internet. A typical IP address  
looks like this:
66.249.66.1
Now an IP address like this is quite difficult to remember. Imagine if you had to 
 use such numbers to visit your favourite websites.
Domain names were invented to solve this problem.
Now if you want to visit a
numbers. Instead, you can visit it by typing an easy to remember domain name  
in your bro
For example,
 www.google.com.
A domain name is unique to your website (just like a fingerprint), and cannot be  
shared between different websites.
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Programming for the Web
How to get a web hosting?
How to register a Domain?
Host your website on web server.
Hosting is the invisible foundation of the internet. Every website needs a
hosted somewhere.
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Programming for the Web
Good
hosting is affordable, low-maintenance, and scaleable.
You can host website in two ways:
o Use a hosting platform
o Host locally (only in your PC can access the website)
Now we are talking about the hosting website on internet, follow these four
simple steps to host your website with a hosting provider:
o Step 1: Compare hosting companies.
With that out of the way, the most popular global registrars include: 
  N amecheap
G oDaddy
N ame.com
D omain.com
B luehost.com
Each of these companies has a slightly different user interface, but what  
you get in the end is the same a shiny new domain name.
o Step 2: Choose a website hosting company.
one! There are a number of features you should consider when choosing a 
 website hosting company.
Below are some of the key factors to consider:
o Uptime
o Support
o Free domain name
o Value for Money
o Bandwidth
o WordPress integration
o Money-back guarantees
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o Step 3: Choose a website hosting plan.
Once you have a host platform you like the look of, you still need to 
 narrow your decision down to a plan. There are numerous types of 
 hosting (shared, dedicated, VPS, and more), and there is usually a 
 selection of plan tiers within each type.
o Step 4: Register a domain name.
www.google.com. You get the idea. Your site will need a 
 domain as well.
Nearly every web hosting provider includes domain 
name registration
GoDaddy and Bluehost, for example).
A good domain is simple, easy to remember, and usually 
number-
.com convention either. More and more 
 sites are playing around with atypical top level domains
like .xyz or .co
simply a case of attaching it  
to your new server. Many hosting platforms include this in the signup 
 process and handle it for you.
Introduction to DNS
Internet today. DNS is essentially a server or hierarchical configuration of
If you type https://www.google.com in your browser, you
it as words like we see it. Your browser sees the IP address, just as when you 
 select a contact in your cellphone, your cellphone sees a phone number.
Every networked device, including webservers, phones, computers, modems,  
routers ha
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computers are, we invented DNS to translate these numbers into domain names  
and hostnames that make much more sense to us.
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