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                     Topic      Isothiocyanate 
glycosides
Present by : 
                    Muhammad Qasim
                    Muhammad Mueen
Isothiocyanate glycosides: Black mustard 
 Glycosides:
                             Glycosides are the compounds that yield one or more sugars among 
the products of hydrolysis. Glycosides are organic compounds consisting of a sugar 
molecule (glycone) bound to a non-sugar molecule (aglycone or genin) through a 
glycosidic bond. This glycosidic bond is a type of linkage between the sugar group and 
the non-sugar moiety. The non-sugar component, or aglycone, can vary widely and 
includes substances such as phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, or terpenoids. 
Isothiocyanate glycosides:
                                              Isothiocyanate glycosides are a specific type of 
glycoside that contains an isothiocyanate group as part of its aglycone 
portion.
 Isothioctanate refers to a functional group (-N=C=S) that contains a 
nitrogen atom, a carbon atom, and a sulfur atom.
                       Black mustard
Botanical origin:
                                 Brassica nigra
                                 Brassica juncea 
Family:
            Brassicaceae
Part used:
                 Dried ripe seeds
Habit:
          Highly branched,summer annual herbs.
Habitat:
              The mustard plant is widely cultivated in Australia, China, Chili, Denmark, Italy, 
Japan, The UK, The Netherlands, North Africa, Canada and USA. Mustard prefers loamy or 
clayey loam soil. It is grown as rabbi crop in North India.
      
Collection:
                  Cut the stalk from the plant below the seed pods and gather them in a 
paper bag. Set the bag aside for a couple of weeks in a warm place. Once the stalks 
have dried and the pods begin to split open, the copious seeds can be extracted 
and are ready for use.
Chemical constituents:
                                       Although it contains 30-35% of fixed oil, but the principal constituent 
is glycoside known as sinigrin (potassium myronate).
      The black mustard seed contains a thioglycoside i.e., a B-glucopyranoside termed as 
sinigrin. It is also known as myronate potassium or allyl glucosinolate as shown under:
  
      However, sinigrin undergoes complete hydrolysis in the presence of an enzyme myrocin to 
y ield one mole of each of allyl iso-thiocyanate, glucose & potassium hydrogen sulphate.
Sinigrin:
Medicinal uses:
                           Black mustard is use as local irritant and an emetic.
                                               Externally the drug is used as rubefacient and vesicant.
                                               Commercialy, it is used as condiment.
                                               It has traditionally been used as an emetic and diuretic, 
as well as a topical treatment for inflammatory conditions such as arthritis and 
rheumatism.       
              
                                               
   
Any question.