The role of a pharmacist
                     
The role of a pharmacist



The role of a pharmacist

A pharmacist is someone who has expertise and authority in the field of pharmacy either at
the pharmacy, hospitals, industry, education, and other fields that are still related with the
field  of  pharmacy.  Pharmacist  education  starting  from  undergraduate  education,
approximately four years, plus one year for the education of the profession of pharmacist.
Pharmacist profession this is one of the professions in the field of health, especially in the
field of pharmacy which is intended for the benefit of humanity Apothecary / Pharmacists :
What do pharmacists do ?. 

The interests of humanity in question is able to provide assurance that they are providing a
service,  direction  or  guidance  to  the  community  so  they  can  use  the  pharmaceutical
preparation  in  the  right  way.  Pharmaceutical  preparations,  especially  the  drug  is  not  a
substance or material that is so safe to use. without the involvement of professionals.

The pharmacy is a means of pharmaceutical services the place do practice of pharmacy by
pharmacists (PP no. The 51-year 2009 article 1, paragraph 13). In this case the practice of
pharmacy  is  covering  the  manufacture,  including  quality  control  of  pharmaceutical
preparations,  security,  procurement,  storage  and  distribution  of  drugs,  management  of
drugs, every drug on the prescription, every drug information, as well as drug development,
medicinal materials and traditional medicine.


The existence of pharmacies also help help the government in maintaining and maintain the
health  of  the  community.  The  government  in  this  case  Ministry  of  Health  put  great
expectations  to  the  role  and  profession  of  the  pharmacist  (in  particular  the  pharmacist
manager of the pharmacy), which is the tip of the spear in the distribution of pharmaceutical
supplies to the community. It is no less important is that the pharmacy is a type of retail
business that must be managed properly in order to obtain a profit to cover operating costs
and maintain the continuity of life Cirrhosis Of The Liver Life Expectancy : How Long Do You
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To be able to manage the pharmacy, a pharmacist is not enough armed with the science of
the  pharmacy  technical  course,  because  managing  a  pharmacy  the  same  course  of
managing  a  company.  It  takes  managerial  skills  covering  administration  management,
inventory, facilities, finance and human resource management.
Tasks, roles, and responsibilities of a Pharmacist according to PP 51 of 2009 concerning
Pharmaceutical works is as follows :

1. The task
a. Perform the job of pharmacy (the manufacture including quality control of Pharmaceutical
Preparations,  security,  procurement,  storage  and  distribution  of  drugs,  management  of
drugs, every drug on the prescription, every drug information, as well as drug development,
medicinal materials and traditional medicine).
b. Create and update SOP (Standard Operational Procedure) in the pharmaceutical industry.
c. Must meet the provisions of the way of a good distribution set by the minister while doing
the  job  of  pharmacy  in  the  distribution  or  dispensing  of  pharmaceutical  preparations,
including the recording of all things related to the process of distribution or distribution of
pharmaceutical preparations.
d. The pharmacist is obliged to submit to hard drugs, narcotics and psychotropic substances
to  the  public  on  prescription  from  a  doctor  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the
legislation.

2. The role of
a. As the person in charge in the pharmaceutical industry on the chart of quality assurance
(Quality Assurance), production, and Quality Control (Quality Control).
b. As the person in charge of Facility Pharmaceutical Services, namely in the pharmacy, and
installed Hospital Pharmacy (IFRS), puskesmas, clinic, drug store, or practice together.
c. The pharmacist can substitute a drug trademark with the same generic drug of its active
components or drugs other trademarks on the approval of doctors and/or patients.
d. In doing the work of pharmacy facilities pharmacy services, the pharmacist can raise a
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3. Responsibility
a. Perform pharmacy services (pharmaceutical care) in the pharmacy to meet the needs of
the  community  against  the  pharmaceutical  preparations  in  order  to  maintenance  and
improvement of  public health degree,  also to protect  the public from the dangers of  the
misuse or use of a pharmaceutical preparation that is not appropriate and does not meet the
requirements  of  quality,  safety  and  efficacy.  Pharmacy  services  are  also  aimed  at  the
expansion  and  equitable  distribution  of  health  services  associated  with  the  use  of  the


pharmaceutical so that it can improve the quality of life of the patient.
b.  Keep  a  secret  pharmacy  in  the  pharmaceutical  industry  and  in  pharmacies  which
concerns the process of production, distribution and services of pharmaceutical preparations
including confidential patient.
c. Must meet the provisions of Cara Pembuatan Obat yang baik (CPOB) specified by the
Minister in doing the work of the pharmaceutical industry in the production of pharmaceutical
preparations,  including  in  it  recording  everything  related  to  the  production  process  and
quality  control  of  pharmaceutical  preparation  in  production  facilities  of  pharmaceutical
preparations.
d.  Pharmacy  personnel  in  the  conduct  of  pharmaceutical  jobs  in  production  facilities  of
pharmaceutical preparations should follow the development of science and technology in the
field of production and quality control.
e.  Applying  the  standard  of  pharmacy  service  in  practice  pharmacy  facilities  pharmacy
services.
f. Shall conduct the quality control program and the control cost, which is carried out through
audit of the pharmacy.
g. Enforce discipline in organizing the work of the pharmacy are carried out in accordance
with the provisions of the statutory rules Pictures Of staph Infection : Symptoms, Causes and
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In general, the role of the pharmacist can be divided into three parts, as follows :

1. Professional
The role of the profession of a pharmacist in a pharmacy not another is to carry out the
activities of the Pharmaceutical Care or orphanage pharmacy. One of the main objectives of
upbringing of pharmacy is to improve the quality of life of the patient. That means patients
who are  sick  can  become healthy, and  healthy  patients  can  maintain  their  health.  The
application  of  the  orphanage  pharmacy  which  is  better  or  GPP  (Good  Pharmaceutical
Practice) at the pharmacy has been regulated in the minister regulation 1027 of 2004. In PP
no. 51 Article 21, paragraph 2 also been presented, that can serve the administration of
drugs based on the prescription is the pharmacist.  Indirectly  implied that  the pharmacist
should  always  be  present  in  the  pharmacy  to  perform  the  orphanage  pharmacy.If  a
pharmacist  wants to carry out  the orphanage pharmacy, he must  have the Competency,
Commitment,  and Care. Pharmacists actually have to have the competence, i.e., he has
science (knowledge) and skills (skill) in doing the orphanage pharmacy. Science for example
for medications for diabetes, cholesterol, heart should be taken regularly, do not stop unless
a consultation with the doctor. Another example for the ointment corticosteroids use should
not be pressed in place of the wound and not too thick smear. Information-such information
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2. Manager
The pharmacist should be able to be a good manager, in this case the pharmacist should be
able to arrange the goods, money and patients. But in general a manager it should manage
the resources he has. Not only goods, money and people, but also the time, place, and
others.
One of the keys to successful inventory management in a pharmacy is a service level of
100%,  meaning  that  the  pharmacy is  able  to  meet  all  the  demand will  be  drugs (both
prescription and non-prescription),  so that the ratio of his rejection of 0%. To be able to


guarantee the service level required planning (planning) that are very ripe, don't until there is
a buildup of stuff (over stock) or out of stock (out of stock). 

That's the job of a pharmacist as a manager. The goal is that  the inventory turnover or
Inventory Turn Over maximum, the risk of over stock and out of stock is minimized. If it is so
will add to the satisfaction of the customers because the demand for drugs is met. Customer
satisfaction will affect the loyalty of customers and also add new customers. Not only goods,
money must also be managed because money is crucial in business. Should the proceeds of
the sale of one day not combined with the money for the purposes of operating a pharmacy
and the money from the sale of one day must be equal to the amount of stuff that comes out.
So don't get any of the goods which don't make money. Pharmacist in a pharmacy must be a
good leader for the employees of the other. Maintain a sense of family among employees,
provide a good example and to foster the employees were so much better. Pharmacists
should also be professional in this case, it is good to apply the reward and punishment so
that  the pharmacy can be advanced with the employees were quality (not  just  quantity)
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3. Retailers
Retail is the final stage of the distribution channel, namely the business of selling goods or
services to consumers for their needs respectively. The key to a successful pharmacist as a
retailer is Identifying, stimulating, and satisfying demands.

a. Identifying
Identifying is to analyze and collect information about the consumer. The information is not
the other is the answer of the following questions: Who is buying ? What do they buy ? Why
do they buy ? How they decide to buy ? When do they buy? Where they buy ? How often do
they buy ? Should the pharmacist have to know the behavior-the buying behavior of the
consumer by answering the questions above. For example, during the hajj season, which is
a lot look for is a multivitamin and stamina enhancer. Buying behavior is also influenced by
many things, one of which is demographic profile. The factors of demographic profile, among
others,  age,  gender,  occupation,  education,  ethnicity,  location  and  others.  When  the
demographic profile is known, then we will soon find out the opportunities are promising. For
example, when the pharmacy located in the area of localization, which is much sought after
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b. Stimulating – Satisfying your demands
After analyzing buying behavior of consumers, then the next should be done stimulating,
which gives a  cue or  encouragement  of  social,  commercial  and others,  followed by the
provision of information-information that consumers need about the product to be purchased.
This needs to be done because smart-smart we analyze the buying behavior, it remains the
final decision lies on the consumer.

c. Satisfying your demands
The next task after the consumer want to buy that meet the demand. Give the waiter the
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right quality, right quantity, right time. This is what is meant satisfying your demands.


The current number of pharmacist in Indonesia is thirty thousand people, according to what
has been mentioned by the chairman of the Indonesian Pharmacist association in its official
website. A comparison of that amount against the number of the people of Indonesia is 1 :
8000. This amount of felt still less, of that amount approximately one third of work as the
person in  charge of  the  pharmacy which,  according to  data  from the ministry  of  health
amounted to 10.737 pharmacies,  while  data from the website of  the organization of  the
profession of pharmacists as of April 2008 a number of 10.365 pharmacies, can be said that
the pharmacy is most many hold the profession of pharmacist. Pharmacists also work in
installation of hospital pharmacy, pharmaceutical wholesaler, health centre, Agency of Drug
and Food control, Ministry of health both central and local, as educators ( lecturers) in higher
education,  as  a  teacher  at  the  school  of  pharmacy,  drug  industry,  traditional  medicine
industry, cosmetics industry, research institutions, marketing personnel and in some other
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The importance of the profession of pharmacist for the community are as follows :

1. To help the patient in saving cost of treatment.
The world health organisation WHO states that the costs incurred for the purchase of drugs
in developing countries between 20 – 40% of the total cost of health whereas in developed
countries to between 10 – 20%. Also mentioned that 50 – 90% of patients in developing
countries  pay  the  cost  of  treatment  with  the  money  from  the  bag  itself  (  not  covered
insurance ). Specifically for Indonesia, the price of the drug is relatively expensive which is
caused by more than 90% of medicinal raw materials must be imported from abroad.

The amount of the drug circulating in Indonesia as has been said by the chairman of the
Indonesian Pharmacist association on one occasion amounted to about 16 thousands of
brands. A very large number. One type of drug, especially a drug that the level of use is high
(  promising  economically  )  can  be  produced  more  than  one  brand.  For  example,  the
antibiotic amoxicillin can be present in a variety of brands, made by different factories and
with a price that is certainly not the same and sometimes the price difference can be quite
far, especially if  compared with the products of generic. This drug comes with dozens of
different  brands.  Another  example  is  the  antidiabetic  drugs  and  antihypertensive  indeed
much needed,  it  is  also manufactured in  a variety  of  brands  Is Lupus Fatal  ? Is  Lupus
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Many brand-different brands this will just confuse the patient as a consumer of the drug.
Kekurangmengertian against brand this sometimes causes the patient should pay dearly for
drugs that should be bought. For example, amoxicillin brand A is written in the recipe, the
price can be several fold with amoxicillin with other brands especially if compared to generic.
Whereas in terms of efficacy, this drug is just the same because it is already guaranteed by
the Food and Drug Inspection Agency and the Ministry of Health as the authority of the
government in the field of health and medicine. This is where pharmacists can play a role in
helping the patient choose the drug that is efficacious with a cheaper price. Pharmacists
have a deep knowledge about the drug.

2. To ensure that drugs are used correctly
a.  A study conducted by researchers at  the University  of  Texas,  Austin  USA in 1996 in
government-owned hospitals find the following things :


• The 16.2% of the sample of patients studied ICU admission/ units of the disease in caused
by problems associated with drugs (Drug-related Problem DRP ). And of this amount can be
broken down again as follows :
o 54.8% of the sample experienced failure of therapy
o 32.9% of  the sample  experienced a  drug reaction that  is  not  desired (Adcverse drug
reaction / ADR )
o 12.3% of the sample experiencing an overdose
• 43.3% of the sample should be prevented against the occurrence of DRP
• 65.8% of DRP occur due to non-compliance of patients in taking medications
b. Research conducted at the University of Toulouse, France published in 2009, showing the
data as follows :
• 8.37% of the patients treated in hospitals are caused by ADR where ADR is caused by the
amount of the drug, self-treatment without a through examination of the experts, the use of
the drug-drug antithrombotic and due to the use of drug antibiotics.
• ADR is reported to be the cause of the high cost of health care, the patient entered the
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c. The year 2002 in the United States :
•  ADR being the cause of death no 7 exceeds the number of deaths caused by vehicle
accidents, suicide, or HIV/ AIDS
• The cost spent for the care of the ADR 76.6 billion USD
• ADR cause 17 million visits to units of the emergency hospital

The  Data  above  shows  that  drugs  are  not  the  objects  or  materials  so  is  safe  to  be
consumed. The difference between medicine and poison/toksis very thin only depends on
the  dose.  In  the  world  of  medicine  and  pharmaceuticals,  to  every  drug  known  term
therapeutic dose and the dose toksis, there is the effect of therapeutic and toxic effects of.
Toksis the same with poison. At doses that exceed the dose of therapy/treatment, each drug
acts as a poison.

This is where, among others, the role of a pharmacist are required. The pharmacist serves to
provide assurance that the drug consumed by the patient does not change into toxins that
are caused due to inaccuracy how to use by the patient. Pharmacists have a role so that the
goal of therapy which is being undertaken by the patient can be achieved with better. The
pharmacist is obliged to provide the information clearly to the patient the drug users or their
families to avoid mistakes in the use of drugs. So the drug provides the therapeutic effect
desired,  the known term 4 T 1 E,  namely, RIGHT DOSE, RIGHT FREQUENCY, RIGHT
INTERVAL of ADMINISTRATION, RIGHT TIME/duration of USE, as well AS be WARY of the
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Some of the research about the use of these drugs has been published. From these studies
it can be concluded that the rate of non-compliance of patients in using the drug is quite
high. Some of the factors that lead to disobedience are : the use of the drug for long periods
of  time  such  as  in  the  treatment  of  hypertension,  diabetes  ;  use  of  medications  that
polynomial/vary  :  how  to  use  that  confusing  as  a  different  frequency  for  each  drug  ;
ignorance will be drug and diseases ; the occurrence of side effects of the drug ; and so
forth. To overcome problems such as this, the presence of the pharmacist as a counsellor


and informant of the drug is required.

Indonesia pharmacist has an important role in the world of pharmacy. This role is associated
with a drug along with its use. However with the amount of thirty thousand pharmacists in
Indonesia  and  some  of  them  are  responsible  for  the  pharmacy  it  turns  out  that  the
performance of pharmacists is still very minimal, it looks at the moment the patient wants to
consult  at  the pharmacy, the pharmacist  is  rarely found to be able to provide about  the
contribution of  drug use and things associated about  the drug.  This  problem looks very
contrast with the number of pharmacists in Indonesia, where the appropriate patient can be
easily met directly with the pharmacist. There are several reasons why pharmacists hard to
find. The first cause is that most pharmacies do not belong to the pharmacist but belongs to
the financiers, which in pharmaceutical terms is called the PSA ( the Owners of the Means of
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From the data published by the official website of the organization of pharmacists, Number
of pharmacies owned by the PSA is approximately 50% of the number of pharmacies that
exist ( 5.106 of 10.370 ). Pharmacists can be regarded as the people are given a salary to
be responsible for the pharmacy as required by government regulations. This is the problem.
Compensation  takes salary of  pharmacists  is  not  sufficient  to  serve as supporting living
expenses of the family. Be a lot of pharmacists that make the position as person in charge of
the pharmacy as  a  side  job  or  his  moonlighting  in  addition  to  his  main  occupation,  for
example as an employee in the ministry of health, Balai POM, lecturers, and so forth. If in
the workplace the main course pharmacists should be working office hours ( from 8 in the
morning until 4/5 in the afternoon ), when they will be able to practice their profession in
pharmacies who became the the responsibility. 

Not to mention that these conditions occur in large cities which most of time is wasted to
face jams on the road. So sometimes the pharmacist that makes the position of the person
in charge of the pharmacy as a side job this just came to pharmacist can be 1 or 2 times a
week,  1 or  2 times a month or  the frequency of  the arrival  of  the other. Of  patients  or
community will be hard to consult with the profession of pharmacist. It is recognized by the
pharmacists  themselves.  Of  course,  not  all  pharmacists  the  same  thing  as  this,  some
pharmacies require pharmacist to always be in place so patients can consult with them. One
of the pharmacies among them is the Kimia Farma group  What To Do For An Earache In
Children ? .

The second cause is the desire of the people of Indonesia to know his treatment which has
not been so high. So that people feel that they do not need to consult with the pharmacist
profession because it  assumes the drug is  safe material-safe to use,  very different  with
people outside the country who expressed a desire to consult  directly with a pharmacist
when buying drugs.

There are important things that we can see that the desire of the people of Indonesia to
consult with a pharmacist is still low. This is of course very unfortunate. This also becomes
an important task for pharmacist to raises awareness of the community to pay more attention
to his health by consulting a drug that will be used.