How To Do Cross Browser Testing In Selenium
                     How To Do Cross Browser Testing In 
Selenium?
We've often noticed that some websites aren't correctly shown in various browsers, leading us 
to believe that the website is not working correctly. However, it works properly when you access
the same website in another browser. As a result, the compatibility of a website with various 
browsers is explained. In addition, the material on the website is interpreted differently by each 
browser. As a result, some browsers may lack the website's features, causing it to appear 
broken in that browser.
With today's latest technology, various browser options are available, and it's not enough that 
our website works on one of them. Users should not be required to utilize a specific browser to 
access your application. As a result, you must test your website's compatibility with various 
browsers. Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Opera, Internet Explorer, and others are some of the most 
popular browsers.
Cross-browser testing is a functional test that ensures your online application performs as 
expected across various browsers. Testers aim to run tests on all conceivable browsers and 
browser versions while evaluating website functionality. Selenium is frequently used for these 
tests since it supports cross-browser testing. 
With the growing demand for automation testing, Selenium is one such tool that is ideal for 
website cross-browser testing. It's critical to test the websites' compatibility and performance 
across various browsers and operating systems.
Cross-browser testing entails putting a website through its paces in various browsers, such as 
Internet Explorer, Chrome, and Firefox, to see how well it performs. The capability of a website 
or web application to work across many browsers and operating systems is known as cross-
browser compatibility.
Manually testing a website across numerous browsers, on the other hand, is quite time-
consuming. Consider the following scenario: 100 test cases must be run manually. Imagine 
running the same tests on five different browsers—the amount of time it takes increases 
exponentially. However, if the same tests are automated with Selenium, they may be done in 
parallel and a fraction of the time. It will also eliminate any issues caused by human error.
Why is Cross-Browser Testing needed?
Cross Browser Testing is required for a variety of reasons.
● Compatibility of the browser with various operating systems.
● Orientation of the image
● Page alignment and div size.
● Javascript has a distinct orientation in each browser, which can cause problems at 
times.
● CSS,HTML validation differences can be there.
● Font sizes aren't matching or aren't being rendered correctly.
● Some browsers still do not support HTML5.
● Compatibility with the new web framework is an important consideration.
What is the significance of cross-browser testing?
Although browser companies adhere to Open Web Standards, each has its interpretations. 
Because different browsers render HTML, CSS, and JavaScript in different ways, carefully 
debugging a website's source code isn't enough to ensure that it will look and behave as 
intended across all browsers (or various versions of a single browser).
As an outcome, web developers are responsible for abstracting browser differences. Cross-
browser compatibility testing aids with this by identifying browser-specific compatibility issues, 
allowing them to be promptly debugged. In addition, it ensures that a website does not alienate 
a significant portion of its intended audience simply because it is not compatible with its browser
OS.
How To Do Cross-Browser Testing In Selenium?
Selenium is one of the numerous extensively used automated testing frameworks. Selenium is a
software package, not simply a single programme. It comes with various options:
WebDriver: a set of language-specific bindings for driving a browser 
IDE: an add-on that records and replays interactions with the browser
Grid: to run the tests on a wide range of browsers and operating systems
You can automate the browser with Selenium, which gives you many options and functions. 
Thanks to its flexibility, you can replicate practically everything a user can perform on the 
programme. This kind of repetitious work lends itself well to automation. As an outcome, 
adopting tools to accomplish this testing is more cost-effective. Let's glance at how it's done with
the Selenium Web Driver.
Step 1: With Selenium WebDriver, we can automate test cases in Internet Explorer, Chrome, 
Firefox and Safari.
Step 2: We can use the TestNG framework in conjunction with Selenium WebDriver to 
simultaneously test cases in many browsers on the same machine.
Step 3: Finally, it's time to write the test cases and run the code.
Conclusion
When it comes to website building, cross-browser testing is critical. Compared to the earlier 
decade, the mobile revolution has transformed the way people see websites nowadays. The 
developer cannot ignore the fact that billions of mobile consumers worldwide. The website is 
compatible with any device, browser, version, operating system, and resolution. Developers and
testers have to be ready for this before the disaster occurs. Selenium enables us to perform 
cross-browser testing and be confident in our website. Cross-browser testing using Selenium is 
crucial since it guarantees that the web application is cross-browser consistent and equips a 
consistent user experience.