ALL ABOUT CORONA VIRUS VACCINE COVAXIN.
                     ALL ABOUT CORONA 
VIRUS VACCINE COVAXIN
Covaxin: India’s first COVID 19 vaccine 
• India’s first COVID 19 vaccine developed by Bharat Biotech India (BBIL), Hyderabad-
based biotechnology.
• The firm working closely with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and 
the National Institute of Virology (NIV).
Source: Zee News
 How was it developed?
• The SARS-CoV-2 strain was isolated in NIV, Pune and transferred to Bharat Biotech. 
• The vaccine was developed and manufactured in Bharat Biotech's BSL-3 High 
Containment facility located in Genome Valley, Hyderabad, India.
Source: India tv
The stages of approval
• After having undergone a series of pre-clinical testing, involving multiple animal 
trials, the firm approached the drug control authorities.
• CDSCO approved to proceed to the next level of testing, consisting of human 
clinical trials.
Source: Sakal Times
The stages of approval
• Covaxin, having received the approval from the authorities are scheduled to start 
their trials in July. 
• Bharat Biotech India will be help in two phases in conducting vaccine dosage.
Source: Zee News
Testing before the human trials
• To check for its safety and efficacy for the human trials, the Covaxin vaccine was 
first tested on mice and guinea pigs.
•  It was only after its safety was evaluated on animals that CDSCO gave the go-
ahead to conduct human trials for the COVID-19 vaccine candidate from India.
Source: Financial Éxpress
When will it be ready?
• Approval of a vaccine, usually undergoes four stages. Pre-clinical testing, Phase I 
and II and lastly Phase III. 
• Phase three is usually the most difficult stage where thousands of people are 
involved. 
Source: Zee News
Other Indian vaccine candidate for COVID -19
• Apart from Bharat Biotech, Zydus Cadila, Pune-based Serum Institute of India and 
other four or five home-grown vaccines are in their early stages of development. 
• Panacea Biotec, another company indulged in developing a vaccine, is still in the 
pre-clinical stage.
Source: Zee News
How advanced is Covaxin?
• Having secured an approval for human trials, Covaxin has reached a more 
advanced phase. 
• They are in a global collaboration with Thomas Jefferson University and the 
University of Wisconsin-Madison and vaccine maker FluGen.
Source: The Conversation
COVID-19 Situation in India
• Considering the global race to developing a vaccine, India is still at a struggling 
stage. 
• AstraZeneca with its vaccine candidate “ChAdOx1-S” in collaboration with the 
University of Oxford is already at phase III trials. 
Source: Zee News
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