Electric scooters are compact, battery-powered two-wheelers designed for short-range urban travel. They offer silent, emission-free mobility and are favored for their agility, easy parking, and low operating costs. Common use cases include last-mile connectivity, short commutes, and micro-mobility solutions in congested city environments. Key innovations fueling market growth include: Advanced battery technologies, such as solid-state and graphene-enhanced batteries, which deliver faster charging, longer lifespan, and greater range. Smart features, including AI-powered route optimization, voice control, and rider profiling for adaptive performance. Portable, foldable designs built with lightweight materials like carbon fiber and aerospace-grade aluminum, ensuring easy storage and portability. Robust safety systems, including AI-assisted collision detection, auto-braking, enhanced lighting, and ABS or traction control. Sustainability efforts, with growing use of recyclable components, battery subscriptions (Battery-as-a-Service), and modular designs for easier upgrades and end-of-life recycling. Despite these advances, challenges remain—such as limited charging infrastructure, inconsistent regulations, safety concerns from unregulated use, and affordability issues in some markets.