Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria: What You Should Know?
                     TYPES OF 
NITROGEN 
FIXING 
BACTERIA
I O N
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nitrogen
INTRODUCTIO
N
•    Welcome to our presentation on 
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria!
•    Nitrogen is an essential element 
for life on Earth, and nitrogen-fixing 
bacteria play a crucial role in 
making it available to plants.
•    Let's dive into the world of these 
remarkable microorganisms. 7
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THE NITROGEN CYCLE
The nitrogen cycle is the continuous 
process of nitrogen changing its 
form and moving through the 
environment.
Nitrogen gas (N2) makes up about 
78% of Earth's atmosphere but is 
unusable by most living organisms.
Nitrogen needs to be "fixed" or 
converted into a usable form, such as 
ammonia (NH3) or nitrate (N03-), for 
plants to absorb.

TYPES OF 
NITROGEN FIXING 
BACTERIA
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are 
categorized into two main 
types: symbiotic and free-
living.
SYMBIOTI
C
NITROGE
N
FIXING
BACTERI
A
f Q 0 C7 U !
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These bacteria form 
0 mutually beneficial relationships with plants, 
1 primarily legumes (e.g., soybeans, clover, and 
peanuts).
Rhizobia are the most well-
0 known symbiotic nitrogen fixers.
2 They live in nodules on 
the plant's roots and 
convert atmospheric 
nitrogen into ammonia, 
which the plant can use.
FREE-LIVING 
NITROGEN FIXING 
BACTERIA
r r
These bacteria are not They inhabit the soil and 
01 dependent on a aquatic environments.ispecific plant host. 02
rThey convert nitrogen gas into ammonia, enriching the Azotobacter and soil and making nitrogen 
03 rClostridium are examples 04 available to plants.of free-living nitrogen 
fixers. i
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THE NITROGEN FIXATION 
PROCESS
•    Nitrogen fixation is a complex biochemical 
process that involves converting atmospheric 
nitrogen into ammonia.
•    Nitrogenase enzymes are responsible for this 
conversion.
•    These enzymes are extremely sensitive to 
oxygen and work in low-oxygen conditions.
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IMPORTANCE OF 
NITROGEN FIXING 
BACTERIA
Nitrogen is a key component of 
amino acids, proteins, and DNA, 
vital for plant growth.
Nitrogen fixation reduces the need 
for synthetic fertilizers, which can 
harm the environment.
These bacteria enhance soil fertility 
and crop yields, contributing to 
sustainable agriculture.
YES, IT’S
THAT
TANT
AGRICULTURA
L
APPLICATION
S
■
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Farmers use nitrogen-
0 fixing crops like legumes 
in crop rotation to 
1 replenish soil nitrogen 
levels.
Inoculants containing 
nitrogen-fixing bacteria 
0 are applied to seeds 
before p anting.
2 This reduces the need for 
03 synthetic nitrogen 
fertilizers, lowering 
production costs.
ENVIRONMENTA They help maintain a 
L balance in ecosystems by 
ensuring a steady supply of 
IMPACT nitrogen to plants and other 
organisms.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria 
play a role in reducing 
nitrate pollution in water 
bodies.
CONCLUSION
•    Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are essential for 
maintaining the nitrogen cycle and supporting life 
on Earth.
•    Their symbiotic and free-living forms make 
nitrogen accessible to plants, contributing to food 
security and environmental sustainability.
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THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENTION
Let's open the floor to 
questions and 
discussions.
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