Introduction-to-Vector-Synthesis
                     Introduction to Vector 
Synthesis
Vector synthesis creates complex sounds by combining simple 
waveforms. Its roots trace back to early electronic music studios 
(1950s-60s). Vector synthesis contrasts with subtractive 
synthesis. It manipulates vector space to modulate sound 
parameters.
Core Principle: Vector Space
Vector space visualizes sound parameters in 2D or 3D. Axes represent parameters like frequency and amplitude. A 
vector defines the current state and its movement equals modulation.
X-Axis Y-Axis Z-Axis
Frequency modulation Amplitude modulation Panning modulation
Core Principle: Waveform 
Oscillators
The starting point is multiple oscillators generating basic 
waveforms. Sine, square, triangle, and sawtooth waves are 
common. Each oscillator is mapped to an axis in vector space. For 
example, X-axis = Oscillator 1 frequency.
Sine Wave Square Wave
Smooth and pure tone Harmonic-rich and bright
Triangle Wave
Mellow and balanced
Core Principle: Vector 
Manipulation
LFOs automate vector movement. Envelopes create dynamic 
changes over time. Manual control is available via joysticks and 
software interfaces. The result is complex evolving textures.
LFOs Envelopes Manual Control
Practical Application: Sound Design
Vector synthesis creates unique sound effects. It generates evolving drones and soundscapes. Simulating sounds of 
nature is possible. Native Instruments and Arturia use it extensively.
2 Games
Film 1
Music
3
Practical Application: Music Production
Vector synthesis generates complex leads, pads, and basslines. It allows layering and morphing between timbres. 
Rhythmic patterns can be created by modulating vectors. Aphex Twin and Brian Eno are famous for this.
1 Leads
2 Pads
3 Basslines
Tools of the Trade
Hardware synthesizers like Sequential Circuits Prophet VS exist. Software synthesizers include Native Instruments Reaktor. Eurorack modules allow 
vector manipulation. DAWs such as Ableton Live support plugins.
Hardware Synths
Software Synths
Modular Synths
Recap and Resources
Vector synthesis is a powerful technique for sound creation. Key 
concepts are vector space and oscillators. It has applications in 
sound design and music. Further learning is available online.
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