Alfred Nobel
                     ALFRED 
NOBEL
Who Was Alfred Nobel?
 Born in Sweden, chemist Alfred Nobel 
worked at his father's arms factory as a 
young man. 
 Intel lectual ly curious, he went on to 
experiment with chemistry and 
explosives. 
 In 1864, a deadly explosion ki l led his 
younger brother. Deeply aff ected, Nobel 
developed a safer explosive: dynamite. 
 Nobel used his vast fortune to establish 
the Nobel Prizes, which has come to be 
known for awarding the greatest 
achievements throughout the world.
Source: www.biography.com
Early Years
 Alfred Bernhard Nobel was born on 
October 21, 1833, in Stockholm, 
Sweden, the fourth of Immanuel and 
Caroline Nobel's eight children. 
 Nobel was often sickly as a child, but 
he was always l ively and curious 
about the world around him.
Source: www.biography.com
Early Years Continue.
 When Nobel was 4 years old, his 
father moved to St. Petersburg, 
Russia, to take a job manufacturing 
explosives and the family fol lowed 
him in 1842. 
 Nobel's newly affl uent parents sent 
him to private tutors in Russia, and 
he quickly mastered chemistry and 
became fl uent in English, French, 
German and Russian as well  as his 
native language, Swedish.
Source: www.biography.com
Family Tragedy 
 Nobel left Russia at the age of 18. 
After spending a year in Paris 
studying chemistry, he moved to the 
United States. 
 After fi ve years, he returned to Russia 
and began working in his father's 
factory making mil itary equipment for 
the Crimean War. 
Source: www.biography.com
Invention of Dynamite
 In 1864, when Nobel was 29, a huge 
explosion in the family's Swedish 
factory ki l led fi ve people, including 
Nobel's younger brother Emil.  
 Dramatical ly aff ected by the event, 
Nobel set out to develop a safer 
explosive. In 1867, he patented a 
mixture of nitroglycerin and an 
absorbent substance, producing what 
he named "dynamite."
Source: www.biography.com
Publication of Nobel's 
obituary
 In 1888, Nobel's brother Ludvig died 
while in France. 
 A French newspaper erroneously 
published Nobel's obituary instead of 
Ludvig's and condemned Nobel for his 
invention of dynamite. 
Source: www.biography.com
Idea of Nobel Prize
 Provoked by the event and 
disappointed with how he felt he 
might be remembered, Nobel set 
aside a bulk of his estate to establish 
the Nobel Prizes to honor men and 
women for outstanding achievements 
in physics, chemistry, medicine, 
l iterature and for working toward 
peace. 
Source: www.biography.com
Honor of Nobel
 Sweden’s central bank, Sveriges 
Riksbank, established the Nobel Prize 
in Economics in 1968 in honor of 
Nobel.
Source: www.biography.com
Death 
 He died of a stroke on December 10, 
1896, in San Remo, Italy. 
 After taxes and bequests to 
individuals, Nobel left 31,225,000 
Swedish kronor to fund the Nobel 
Prizes.
Source: www.biography.com
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