KSTAR 'Artificial Sun' of korea sets world record.
                     KSTAR 'ARTIFICIAL SUN' OF KOREA 
SETS WORLD RECORD
INTRODUCTION
 Scientists have just set a new world record for high-
temperature sustained plasma with the Korea 
Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research 
(KSTAR) unit, achieving an ion temperature of over 
100 million degrees Celsius (180 million degrees 
Fahrenheit) for a period of 20 seconds.
Source: www.dailyexpress.com
 KOREA'S "ARTIFICIAL SUN" 
 Known as Korea's "artificial sun" the KSTAR 
produces and stabilises ultra-heat plasma from 
magnet fields, eventually to make nuclear fusion a 
reality – a theoretically limitless clean-energy source 
that will change our lives if it's done as planned. 
Source: www.sciencealert.com
 IMPROVEMENT
 Prior to that, 100 million degrees were not broken 
by over 10 seconds, but that is a major 
improvement over previous attempts, but a long 
way needs to be achieved until all energy sources 
can be completely discounted. Nuclear fusion power 
remains a hope at this stage, not a guarantee.
Source: www.futurism.com
 PLASMA OPERATIONS
 The technologies appropriate for long-term 100 
million degree plasma operations are important for 
achieving fusion energy," says Si-Woo Yoon, nuclear 
physicist, head of the KSTAR Research Center, Korea 
Fusion Energy Institute (KFE). 
Source: www.qatarday.com
 HIGH-TEMPERATURE PLASMA
 The KSTAR's success in maintaining the high-
temperature plasma for 20 seconds will be an 
important turning point in the race for securing the 
technologies for the long high-performance plasma 
operation, a critical component of a commercial 
nuclear fusion reactor in the future.
Source: www.sciencealert.com
 INTERNAL TRANSPORT BARRIER
 An update to the Internal Transport Barrier (ITB) 
mode inside KSTAR was crucial to the 20 second 
leap. 
 The scientists do not grasp these techniques 
entirely, but they do lead to regulating nuclear 
fusion's confines and equilibrium at the simplest 
level. 
Source: www.sciencetime.com
 TOKAMAK MODEL
 The KSTAR is a reactor in the tokamak model, which 
is comparable with China, where nuclear nuclei are 
combined and these huge quantities of energy are 
produced (as opposed to nuclear fission used in 
power plants, which splits atomic nuclei apart). 
Source: www.solidsmack.com
 KSTAR
 Although the requisite scientific work is 
complicated, progress has remained steady. 
 In 2018, KSTAR exceeded the ceiling by 100 million 
degrees, which was 8 seconds sustained in 2019. 
Now that's more than half as many.
Source: www.sciencealert.com
 SUCCESS OF THE KSTAR EXPERIMENT
 The success of the KSTAR experiment in the long, 
high-temperature operation by overcoming some 
drawbacks of the ITB modes brings us a step closer 
to the development of technologies for realisation of 
nuclear fusion energy.
Source: www.sciencedirect.com
 FUSION DEVICES
 Fusion devices like KSTAR use hydrogen isotopes to 
create a plasma state for the separation of ions and 
electrons ready for heating – that's why they're 
named after the same fusion reactions on the Sun. 
Source: www.futurism.com