Problems of implementing 5G in India.
                     Problems in implementing 5G 
networks in India
Future with 5G
• The biggest revolutionary technology will eliminate the bounds of 
access, bandwidth, performance, and latency limitations on connectivity 
worldwide is 5G. It has the potential to enable fundamentally new 
applications that require high data-rate instantaneous communications, 
low latency, and massive connectivity for new applications for e-Health, 
autonomous vehicles, smart cities, smart homes, and the IoT.
Source: Google Images
Huge potential
• As per various studies conducted across the globe, there is a huge 
potential of unlocking the digital economy of cities and states by 
upgrading the digital infrastructure to enable 5G Rollout. In a very recent 
study conducted for Pune smart city, the city with a population of just 3.5 
million and area of 331 Sq. Km can unlock an incremental 30% GDP 
valuing almost INR 80,000 Crores over next 6 years.
Source: Google Images
Architecture of 5G
• The architecture of 5G is advanced and is upgraded to tackle the new 
situation. Upgradation of the 5G network is based upon Cognitive Radio 
technology which consists of characteristics such as Capability of the 
device to identify its location as well as temperature. The function of 
Cognitive Radio is to act as a transceiver that matches and respond to 
the radio frequencies.
Source: Google Images
Lack of regulatory bodies
• 5G needs a proper strategy for its implementation and with lack of 
regulatory bodies, it seems impossible for India to achieve in near future. 
India’s telecom sector is greatly affected by the procedural delays and 
their multiple issues. Companies who faced loss in 2G spectrum scam 
have clearly left a lesson for other telecom companies to not invest in 
India for any future projects. 5G implementation in India will not be in 
reality until there is a proper regulatory body.
Source: Google Images
Lacks in fibre infrastructure
• Optical Fibre plays a key role in the implementation of any new generation 
of network. For the implementation of 5G in India, role of Fibre is very 
important. Due to lack of Fibre infrastructure, India faces poor quality of 
service and call drop issues which indicate towards country’s low 
investment in Fibre and backhaul infrastructure. Only 20% of towers in 
India are backhauled compared with 80% in countries like US and China
Source: Google Images
Last mile connectivity
• Since India lacks Fibre infrastructure it has affected the Last-mile 
Connectivity as well. A project name NOFN was launched to improve the 
last mile connectivity, but after two years only limited Gram panchayats 
were connected. 5G demands upgradation in the network as well as speed 
but unfortunately there is lack of last mile connectivity in rural India and 
non-uniformity in networking speed
Source: Google Images
Low speed data
• Low speed of Data and high rates in India is also a major issue for 
deployment of 5G in India. Currently, India ranks at 89th position out of 
147 countries in terms of average internet speed with 6.5mbp/s. The 
present data speed offered by companies in India is not constant, 
especially in rural areas. For downloading large sized files like HD videos, 
games high data speed is required which is not uniform available in India, 
due to lack of Fibre infrastructure and last mile connectivity.
Source: Google Images
Right of Way
• This is the biggest hurdle on ground as in spite of appreciation of the need 
of Telecom sector, there have been significant challenges for all the 
telecom service providers for rolling out OFC and Telecom towers. As per 
the current regulatory framework, each TELCO has to seek ROW from 
State Govt./ Central Govt. authorities, however each city or municipal 
corporation is the authority to provide permissions for any trenching activity 
in city.
Source: Google Images
Investment requirements
• It is expected that creating this infrastructure will need huge investments 
and in the background of very aggressive competition and tariff wars 
and again massive investments requirement on spectrum auctions, 
investments of infrastructure will be hugely challenging. For sure, it will 
need massive investments and commitments from funding institutions.
Source: Google Images