Best Treatment for Mitral Stenosis | Treatment Options
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For an advanced condition, Mitral Valve Stenosis has a dangerous quality: it can be present for years without being 
noticed. If not for regular monitoring from specialists, it can go undetected until it crosses into serious territory and 
calls for mitral valve stenosis treatment.
What makes Mitral Stenosis a serious threat – Dr. Gokhale Answers:
Symptoms usually start with a little extra fatigue and mild breathlessness, and people often brush them off as just “out 
of shape.” Because they are easy to dismiss, the condition only starts to genuinely interfere with daily life when it 
reaches a moderate-to-severe range.
“This transition from mild/moderate to severe is not usually sudden. As the valve inside the heart gradually narrows 
over the years, the symptoms sit quietly until something like a fever or even pregnancy makes them worse. When the 
demand on the heart increases, and more is required from the narrowing valve, that’s when the mitral stenosis makes 
itself felt,” says leading cardiologist and Mitral valve surgery specialist in Hyderabad, Dr. Alla Gopal Krishna Gokhale.
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If you’ve recently been diagnosed with Mitral Valve Stenosis, or you’re a family member or 
caregiver trying to make sense of what treatment entails, this guide is for you. With input from 
cardiologist Dr Gokhale, we will equip you with key information you require about Mitral Valve 
Stenosis and its Treatments in a quick FAQ guide. Read on:
So, what causes Mitral Valve Stenosis?
Age-related calcium build-up around the valves is the common cause of mitral valve stenosis 
in adults. A rare birth defect called “congenital mitral stenosis” is another cause that is usually 
diagnosed in childhood.
But rheumatic heart disease, which results from rheumatic fever, is the most common cause 
of mitral valve stenosis across the world. And it is also the condition where MS progresses so 
slowly that many patients don’t feel anything wrong until the condition is serious.
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Mitral Stenosis – Diagnosis & Treatment Options: Tests at Each Stage
After hearing the common symptoms, the doctor performs a preliminary physical examination while taking medical 
history into account. In this preliminary Stage 1, an ECG and chest X-ray are performed to check heart rhythm and 
signs of fluid in the lungs or valve calcification.
Once the suspected condition is confirmed, Stage 2 confirms the diagnosis. A transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) is 
performed to measure the mitral valve area, pressure, mobility, and extent of calcification. Stage 2 also includes 
Doppler studies that assess blood flow and pulmonary pressure. This is also the major stage. It is the major test that 
determines whether mitral valve stenosis is mild, moderate or severe,” says Dr. Alla Gopala Krishna Gokhale. 
Stage 3 involves Transoesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE), exercise/stress testing, and CT or cardiac MRI – all these 
tests are used for detailed planning for treatment options. Also, not everyone needs these tests, as the treatment 
planning depends on the seriousness of the mitral valve stenosis.
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Mitral Valve Stenosis Treatment Options – From Least to Most Invasive:
1.Symptom Control & Medical Management:
Though medications don’t fix the narrowed valve, they do manage symptoms and reduce complications and gives 
opportunity to plan a detailed treatment plan.
Diuretics, Beta-blockers or rate-controlling drugs, Blood thinners (anticoagulants), Antibiotic prophylaxis are 
suggested by Mitral Valve Stenosis Specialists in this treatment stage.
2. Percutaneous Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty (PBMV / PMBV):
This catheter-based procedure is the treatment of choice for suitable patients with symptomatic, severe rheumatic 
mitral stenosis. This procedure involves a thin catheter that is threaded (usually from the groin) to the heart, and a 
balloon which is inflated across the valve to stretch open the fused leaflets.
Good candidates for this mitral valve stenosis procedure typically have a pliable, non-calcified mitral valve with little 
or no regurgitation and no blood clot in the left atrium. Patients with rigid valves, significant mitral regurgitation, or 
other major heart conditions that require surgery are generally less suitable, according to Dr Alla Gopala Krishna 
Gokhale.
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3. Surgical Options for Mitral Valve Stenosis
Surgical options are looked upon when the balloon valvuloplasty mentioned above isn’t suitable or hasn’t worked 
well, they include:
• Open surgical commissurotomy – Surgically separates the fused valve leaflets and is chosen when the valve is still 
repairable.
• Mitral valve replacement – Replaces the damaged valve with a mechanical or tissue valve and is generally reserved 
for valves that are too damaged or calcified to repair.
In addition to the above advanced approaches include balloon valvuloplasty as a temporary bridge in high-risk 
patients and echocardiography-guided techniques that may reduce radiation exposure, are being explored today as 
well.
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Finding the Right Doctor for Treatment of Mitral Stenosis in Hyderabad:
Because of its insidious onset and advanced nature, mitral stenosis care may involve different specialists depending 
on the stage and severity.
A general cardiologist typically handles diagnosis and monitoring, while an interventional cardiologist or cardiac 
surgeon may be involved when a procedure or surgery is required. Complex cases are usually reviewed by a 
multidisciplinary Heart Team, headed by a mitral valve specialist.
If you or a family member has been diagnosed with mitral stenosis, the most useful next step is usually a referral to 
an experienced cardiologist and mitral valve specialist for an echocardiogram-based severity assessment – this 
determines everything that follows.
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Call Us: 9603040506                                                                                           Website: https://www.drgokhale.com/
Contact Us
Dr. Alla Gopala Krishna Gokhale
Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills,
Hyderabad,
Telangana,
500 033
India.
Days Available & Timings: Mon-Fri 10am - 5:00pm
Emergency Number(s): 9603040506
Contact Number(s): 91-40-2360 7777 / 5555 / 2000
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