Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder – A Severe Extension to PMS
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Pain and discomfort, fatigue, mood swings, stress, sleep disturbances, and interpersonal challenges – PMS 
can trouble women a lot with its combinations of physical and emotional symptoms.
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder is a severe form of PMS that can cause more intense and extreme forms of 
physical and emotional symptoms triggered by PMS. It is estimated that 8-10% of women of reproductive 
age can succumb to this painful transition that can impair their quality of life and wreak havoc in the days 
that lead up to menstruation.
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But what is Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder, what causes it, and how is this condition treated in women? 
With inputs from a leading gynaecologist in Mumbai, Dr. Neelima Mantri, let us find answers to these 
questions in this blog today.
What is Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder?
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), characterized by 
intense physical and emotional symptoms that significantly interfere with the daily life of women. Unlike PMS, 
it is a chronic condition that manifests in the week or two before menstruation.
Unfortunately PMDD is becoming increasingly common, affecting as much as 10% of women of reproductive 
age. It is a severe condition that requires immediate attention from medical professionals specializing in 
treating Premenstrual Disorders.
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Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder – Causes and Symptoms:
Unfortunately, the exact cause of PMDD is not known. It is still considered an anomaly and an abnormal 
reaction of the body to the hormonal changes that happen during menstruation. However, certain risk 
factors have been identified to increase the risk of PMDD, including:
• History of PMS
• Underlying anxiety or depression.
• Family history of mood disorders or PMDD
• Personal history of abuse, trauma, or other highly stressful events.
PMDD can trigger a whole host of physical and emotional symptoms that are best described as a severe 
version of PMS. The symptoms can be versatile and vary from case to case; in general, the symptoms of 
PMDD include the following:
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Psychological Symptoms: Severe fatigue, anxiety, agitation, forgetfulness, insomnia, paranoia, moodiness, 
concentration problems, confusion, lack of control, nervousness, crying spells, anger, irritability, and 
depression.
Neurological and Vascular Problems: Muscle spasms, dizziness, numbness, prickling, tingling, or heightened 
sensitivity of arms and legs, easy bruising, fainting, headache, and heart palpitations.
Skin Problems: Acne, skin inflammation, and other skin disorders.
Other Problems: Decreased sex drive, painful menstruation, food cravings, hot flashes, tender breasts, 
allergies, and appetite changes.
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Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder – Treatment
All the above symptoms hitting women in their most severe form can cause extreme emotional and physical 
distress to women. Fortunately, PMDD can be managed and treated by qualified gynaecologists, and the risk 
of occurrence can be drastically cut down with the proper measures.
“The treatment for PMDD usually involves Antidepressants, Hormonal birth control pills, Dietary changes, 
OTC medications, regular exercise, stress management, and lifestyle changes. When perfectly tailored for a 
specific case, these options together can help manage and treat PMDD successfully,” says leading
 lady gynaecologist in Mumbai specializing in PMDD treatment, Dr. Neelima Mantri. For more information 
on the treatment of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder, you can directly consult her here.
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Dr Neelima Mantri On Social Networks
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Dr Neelima Mantri Contact Details
Bombay Hospital And 
Nanavati Hospital Surya Hospitals VLSR, The Clinic
Medical Research 
101-102, Mangal 
Centre S.V. Road, Vile Parle 
Ashirwad, S V Road, 2nd Floor, Corinthian 
(West), Santacruz West, Building, Opp. DBS 
203, Level 2, New 
Mumbai, Maharashtra Bank,
Wing, Mumbai 400 056, India.
400054. Linking Road, Khar 
12, New Marine Lines,
Monday to Saturday Mon, Tue and Wed 7.00 West, Mumbai 400052.
Mumbai 400020
pm to 8.00pm Monday To Saturday
Monday to Saturday 5.00 pm to 7.00pm
11.00 am to 1.00pm
1:00pm to 4:00 pm
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