Cholesterol and heart diseases
                     ABOUT DOCTOR
Interventional Cardiologist
Apollo Hospitals, Indore
Dr. Sarita Rao is a Sr. Interventional Cardiologist 
at Apollo Hospitals, Indore. She is the first female 
Interventional Cardiologist in Central India. She is 
Fellow of American College of Cardiology(FACC) 
and Fellow of European Society of 
Cardiology(FESC)
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 Cholesterol and heart 
diseases
What is cholesterol:- Cholesterol is a waxy substance that is found in 
blood. Cholesterol generally helps the body to build new cells, insulation 
of nerves and production of hormones. Normally the liver is responsible for 
making the cholesterol the body needs, but the cholesterol also enters the 
body from the food and mostly animal based foods like milk, eggs, meat. 
Excess amount of cholesterol in the body is a highly risk factor for heart 
diseases. 
How does high cholesterol cause heart disease?
If there is excessive amount of cholesterol in the blood it leads to build up 
in the walls of arteries inform of fatty deposits, in the form of heart 
disease. Due to the deposits the arteries become narrow and the blood 
flow of the heart is slow down or blocked. Blood is main carrier of oxygen 
to the heart, and if the enough Oxygen and blood does not reaches the 
heart it may leads to heart problems and chest pain. And if the blood 
supply of any portion of the heart is completely cut off due to be fatty 
deposits of cholesterol it may leads to heart attack. And sometimes these 
deposits can be break down suddenly forming a clot that can be main 
cause of stroke.
Causes :- Cholesterol are carried through blood, attached to the proteins. 
Combination of protein and cholesterol is called lipoprotein there are 
basically different type of cholesterol based on what the lipoprotein 
carries,  the two type of lipoproteins are:-
• Low density lipoprotein (LDL)
LDL are the bad cholesterol, transports cholesterol particles throughout 
the body, LDL cholesterol are build up in the walls of artries, which make 
them hard and narrow.
• High density lipoprotein (HDL)
HDL are the good cholesterol, this picks up excess cholesterol and takes it 
back to the liver.
• Eating too much of saturated fats
• Having too much body fats
• Kidney or liver disease
• Excessive alcohol and smoking
Various factors that you can control are in-activity, obesity and un healthy 
diet, These are the factors that contribute to harmful cholesterol and 
triglycerides levels. 
There are various medical conditions that can cause unhealthy cholesterol 
level in body are :-
• Chronic kidney diseases
• HIV / AIDS
• Diabetes
• Lupus
• Hypothyroidism
Complications:- Hig
h cholesterol levels in 
the body and cause 
various complications 
that are even life 
threatening like 
atherosclerosis, which 
reduces the blood 
flow through the 
arteries and which 
can cause 
complications like:-
Chest pain - if the arteries which are supplying the blood to the heart 
(coronary arteries)are affected there might be the chest pain (Angina) 
and other symptoms 9f Coronary artery diseases..
Heart attack - if plague or the deposits rapture, a blood clot can be 
formed at the sight of the rapture which can block the flow of blood and 
can lead to breakdown of blood  downstream. If due to this blockage any 
part of the heart does not get the proper blood flow there will be heart 
attack.
Stroke - similar to the heart attack, stroke can also occur when the blood 
clots blocks the blood flow of the brain.
Risk factor that can lead to heart diseases leading from high cholesterol 
are high blood pressure, diabetes, overweight, are being physically 
inactive.
Prevention:- Lifestyle changes can help you to lower your cholesterol 
levels and to prevent the diseases like heart attack, stroke, chest pain 
etc , the lifestyle changes includes changes in eating habits and provide in 
the accurate amount of activity needed to the body. To help preventing 
high cholesterol you can:
• Quit smoking
• Eat low salt diet 
• Eating vegetables and fruits
• Quit alcohol
• Loose weight
• Manage stress
• Lower the amount of animal fats 
• Eating good fats
• Exercising regularly
• Drink water
• Do not relly on packed food items
Dr. Sarita Rao is an experienced Cardiologist in Indore. If you are looking 
for the best heart specialist in Indore just contact Dr. Sarita Rao. Online 
visit for appointment - https://drsaritaraocardiologist.com/
Get in Touch :- https://drsaritaraocardiologist.com/contact/
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