DUSHYANT VERMA SHILLONG - WHAT IS EPILEPSY AND SEIZURES 
                     DUSHYANT VERMA SHILLONG - WHAT IS EPILEPSY AND 
SEIZURES ?
Dushyant Verma Maharani Bagh - A neurological condition known 
as epilepsy affects millions of individuals worldwide. Recurrent 
and unprovoked seizures, brought on by aberrant electrical 
activity in the brain, are its defining feature. The problem of 
epilepsy continues to be poorly understood despite the fact that 
it can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender, or background.
What is 
Epilepsy?
A neurological condition known as epilepsy causes a propensity for recurrent seizures. A 
rapid spike in electrical activity in the brain that briefly interferes with regular brain 
function is what causes seizures. The symptoms of these seizures might vary, from slight 
movements or momentary confusion to severe convulsions and unconsciousness.
Types of 
Seizures
There are two main categories of seizures: focal seizures (also known as partial seizures) and 
generalized seizures.
Focal 
Focal Sseeiizzuurreess o:ccur when abnormal electrical activity 
is confined to a specific region of the brain. They can 
be further divided into two types:
•  a. Focal seizures without loss of awareness: The 
person remains conscious but may experience 
unusual sensations, emotions, or movements.
•  b. Focal seizures with impaired awareness: These 
seizures involve a loss of consciousness or altered 
awareness, making the person appear dazed or 
confused.
Generalized 
GeneraliSzeediz sueriezsu:res occur when abnormal electrical activity affects both sides of the 
brain simultaneously. There are several types of generalized seizures, including:
• a. Absence seizures: Brief lapses in consciousness, often mistaken for 
• dba. yTodnreica-mcloinngic. seizures: Previously known as grand mal 
seizures, these involve loss of consciousness, muscle 
rigidity, and convulsions.
• c. Myoclonic seizures: Characterized by sudden, brief 
muscle jerks.
• d. Atonic seizures: Also called drop attacks, these cause a 
sudden loss of muscle tone, leading to falls.
Causes of 
The uEndpeilrelypinsyg causes of epilepsy can vary, and in some cases, the exact reason remains 
unknown. Some common causes include:
Genetic factors: Certain types of epilepsy have a genetic basis, with a family history of 
the condition increasing the risk.
Brain injuries: Head trauma, strokes, brain tumors, and infections can lead to 
epilepsy.
Developmental disorders: Epilepsy may be associated with neurodevelopmental disorders 
like autism and cerebral palsy.
Infections: Encephalitis and meningitis are examples of 
infections that can trigger epilepsy.
Brain abnormalities: Structural abnormalities in the brain 
present at birth or acquired later in life can lead to epilepsy.
Diagnosis and 
Treatment
Diagnosing epilepsy involves a comprehensive evaluation of the patient's medical history, 
seizure descriptions, and neurological examinations. Additional tests, such as 
electroencephalograms (EEGs), brain imaging (MRI or CT scans), and blood tests, may be 
conducted to confirm the diagnosis and identify potential causes.
Living with 
Epilepsy
The effects of epilepsy vary from person to person, and each person's experience with 
the disorder is distinct. While many persons with epilepsy are able to control their 
seizures and lead happy lives, others could experience difficulties with seizure 
management, drug side effects, or societal stigmas.
Expanding Our Understanding of 
While we've covereEdp itlheep bsyasics of epilepsy and seizures, there are still many aspects of this 
neurological condition that warrant further exploration. In this section, we'll delve deeper into 
some critical points related to epilepsy.
Triggers and 
CertainA ufarcat:ors, known as triggers, can increase the likelihood of seizures in individuals 
with epilepsy. These triggers can vary from person to person and may include stress, lack 
of sleep, flickering lights (photosensitivity), hormonal changes, and certain medications. 
Additionally, some people with epilepsy experience an aura, which is a warning sign that 
a seizure is about to occur. 
Epilepsy and Mental 
Health:
Epilepsy has a significant psychological impact that should not be ignored. Due to the 
unpredictable nature of seizures and the stigma associated with the disorder, people 
who live with epilepsy may feel anxious, depressed, or alone. Comprehensive epilepsy 
care must include attention to mental health issues.
Seizure First Aid:
It can save a person's life to know how to react to someone 
suffering a seizure. The general rule is to maintain your 
composure, make sure the individual is safe by taking away any 
potentially dangerous objects from the area, flip them onto their 
side to avoid choking, and time the length of the seizure. 
Contrary to popular perception, it is not advisable to put 
something in someone's mouth while they are having a seizure 
since it could hurt them.
Epilepsy in 
EpilepsyC hcailnd raeffne:ct individuals of all ages, including children. In children, seizures may manifest 
differently, making the diagnosis challenging. However, with 
Dushyant Verma Southern Avenue’s appropriate medical evaluation, early intervention, and 
specialized care, many children with epilepsy can lead fulfilling lives and achieve their 
potential.
Epilepsy remains an enigmatic neurological disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. 
Despite progress in research and treatment, societal stigmas and misinformation surrounding 
epilepsy persist. By promoting awareness and education about this condition, Dushyant Varma 
Shillong can foster a more supportive and understanding community for individuals living with 
epilepsy.
Furthermore, investing in epilepsy research is vital to unlocking the mysteries of the brain and 
developing more effective treatments. By supporting those with epilepsy and their families, 
Dushyant Verma Maharani Bagh can help them lead fulfilling lives, free from the burden of 
stigma and prejudice.
In closing, let us remember that epilepsy is just one aspect 
of an individual's life, and it should not define their identity. 
Everyone deserves empathy, respect, and the opportunity 
to thrive, regardless of their medical condition. Together, 
we can create a world where epilepsy is not feared but 
embraced with compassion and knowledge.