Internet Protocol Security (IPsec)
                     Internet 
Protocol 
Security 
(IPsec)
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What is IPSec?
Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) is a set of rules and 
technologies designed to keep your online data safe and 
private. It provides authentication, integrity, and 
confidentiality.
IPsec 
Suite
Authentication - Verifies the identity of the parties 
involved
Integrity - Ensures the data has not been 
tampered with
Confidentiality - Encrypts data to keep it 
private
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How IPsec Authenticates and 
Manages Keys
IPsec mutually authenticates agents at the start of the 
session. It negotiates cryptographic keys for secure 
communication.
Agent Agent 
A B
Authentication - Using protocols 
like IKE
Key Negotiation - Using Diffie-Hellman or similar 
protocols
Secure Session - Encrypted communication 
established
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Key Protocols in IPsec
Authentication Header (AH): Ensures data integrity 
and origin of authentication.
Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP): Adds 
data confidentiality and encryption.
Authentication Header 
(AH)
Integrit Authenticati
y on
Encapsulating Security Payload 
(ESP)
Confidentiali Integrit Authenticati
ty y on
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IPsec Modes of Operation
Transport Mode: Encrypts only the payload.
Tunnel Mode: Encrypts both payload and 
header.
Transport 
Mode
Heade Encrypted 
r Payload
Tunnel 
Mode
Encrypted Encrypted 
Header Payload
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Why Use IPsec?
Enhanced security through 
encryption. Protection against 
network attacks.
Benefits of 
IPsec
Enhanced Data Network Attack 
Security Encryption Defense
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IPsec Applications
Used in VPNs for secure remote access.
Secures communications within corporate 
networks.
Remote IPsec IPsec 
User Tunnel Tunnel
IPsecTunnel1
Remote 
User
IPsecTunnel2
Remote 
User
Remote 
User
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