UNDERSTANDING  SCHIZOPHRENIA
                     PROF. DR. PRADIP KUMAR 
SAHA• MBBS, MD (NIMHANS)
• Former DiRECTOR OF 
INSTITUTE OF PSYCHIATRY
• PRESENTLY DIRECTOR OF 
MIRACLE INSTITUTE OF 
PSYCHIATRY, CENTER OF 
EXCELLENCE
WWW.MIOPKOLKAT
A.COM
UNDERSTANDIN
G 
STypCesH, TIhZerOapPiesH &R ENI
MThis PPT cAScihnizodphfruenlina. e
onsvseys an overview of Though it is a critical mental 
disorder but with proper diagnosis, it can be 
treatable, and live a healthy life.
INTRODUCTI
• Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder which 
is affecting your thoOughtNs, emotions, and behavior.
• It can cause hallucinations, delusions, and difficulty 
in thinking clearly.
• But with the proper support and treatment, people 
can lead fulfilling lives.
WHAT IS 
SCHIZOPHRENIA?
• A neurological disorder where people detached 
from reality
• Symptoms often start in late teens to early 30s.
• It is not a split personality but a condition where 
the brain processes information differently.
COMMON 
• HallucinatSionYs:M SeePinTg Oor hMeaSring things that 
aren’t there.
• Delusions: Strong beliefs not based on 
reality.
• Disorganized thinking: Confused speech and 
difficulty focusing.
• Emotional withdrawal: Reduced motivation, 
social isolation.
TYPES OF 
SchizophrenSia ChasH diffIeZreOnt tPypeHs, ReacEh wNithI Aunique symptoms:
• Paranoid Schizophrenia– Delusions and hallucinations 
dominate.
• Disorganized Schizophrenia– Confused speech, 
inappropriate emotions.
• Catatonic Schizophrenia– Limited movement, unresponsive 
behavior.
• Undifferentiated Schizophrenia– Mixed symptoms that don’t 
fit specific types.
• Residual Schizophrenia– Mild symptoms after an active 
phase.
WHAT CAUSES 
• GenetSicsC: FHamIZilyO hisPtoHryR inEcreNasIeAs ?risk.
• Brain Chemistry: Imbalance in 
neurotransmitters.
• Environment: Stress, trauma, and substance 
abuse can trigger symptoms.
• Neurodevelopmental Factors: Issues during 
brain development.
IMPORTANCE OF EARLY 
DIAGNOSIS • Early symptoms are often 
ignored or misunderstood.
• Early treatment can prevent 
severe episodes and improve 
quality of life.
• If you or a loved one experiences 
symptoms, seek professional 
help immediately.
TREATMENT 
OP• MTedIicOatioNns: SAntipsychotic drugs to 
manage symptoms.
• Therapy: Cognitive Behavioral 
Therapy (CBT) for managing 
thoughts.
• Lifestyle Changes: Sleep, nutrition, 
and stress management are key.
ROLE OF THERAPY IN 
RECOVERY
• CBT: Helps challenge delusions and 
hallucinations.
• Family Therapy: Educates loved 
ones to provide support.
• Support Groups: Builds a sense of 
belonging and shared experiences.
PRACTICING 
MINDFULNESS FOR 
SCHIZOPHRENIA
• Helps you to stay grounded 
in real ity.
• Reduces your stress and 
improves emotional stability.
• Encourages self-awareness and 
focus.
SIMPLE MINDFULNESS 
PRACTICES
• Deep Breathing: Calms your 
nervous system.
• Guided Meditation: Focuses on the 
present.
• Journaling Thoughts: Helps 
separate reality from delusions.
• Body Scan Technique: Brings awareness 
to physical sensations.
HOW TO 
SUPPORT A 
• Be Patient: Healing taLkeOs tVimeE. D ONE
• Avoid Judgment: Their experience is real 
to them.
• Encourage Therapy: Professional 
help is crucial.
• Listen Without Dismissing: Let them 
express their feelings.
LIFESTYLE CHANGES 
THA•TH eHalthEy LDiePt: Reduces mood swings 
and boosts brain function.
• Regular Exercise: Releases 
endorphins that improve mood.
• Sleep Hygiene: Restores 
cognitive function.
• Avoiding Substance Abuse: Prevents 
worsening symptoms.
BREAKING THE STIGMA
• Schizophrenia is not a weakness but a medical 
condition.
• Educate others to promote empathy and 
awareness.
• Open conversations reduce fear and 
encourage people to seek help.
MYTHS VS. FACTS
• Myth: Schizophrenia means violent behavior.
• Fact: Most people with schizophrenia are not 
violent.
• Myth: There is no hope for people with 
schizophrenia.
• Fact: With treatment, many recover and 
live independently.
FINAL 
• SchizoTphrHeniaO is UmaGnageHableT wSith the right support.
• Therapy, medication, and mindfulness can 
transform lives.
• Seek help and never lose hope – a better life is 
possible.
Remember Schizophrenia is not the end of the road. 
Support of your close one can reclaim your life.
THANK 
Thank you for your attention and participation. Hopefully 
this information is useful for increasing awareness of 
mental healthYWWOW.MIOPKOULKATA.COM