Hyperthyroidism Symptoms Causes and Treatment
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 Hyperthyroidism Symptoms Causes and 
Treatment
If your thyroid produces and releases excessive amounts of thyroid 
hormone, you have hyperthyroidism, often known as an overactive thyroid. 
Your metabolism may speed up as a result of this disorder. Rapid heart 
rate, decreased weight, increased appetite, and anxiety are all symptoms 
of hyperthyroidism. Antithyroid medications, radioactive iodine, beta-
blockers, and surgery are all options for hyperthyroidism treatment.
Signs of a Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism can manifest in various ways, some readily apparent to 
the naked eye, while other symptoms can be more subtle and take some 
getting used to. Occasionally, people will confuse the symptoms of 
hyperthyroidism for those of worry. In addition to other symptoms, it can 
a• lsoL opsrso doufc ew.eight accompanied by increased hunger and a racing or 
irregular heartbeat, feeling fatigued but unable to sleep due to 
nervousness or irritability.
• symptoms, including shaky hands, tired muscles, and frequent 
bathroom breaks.
• A goitre develops from an enlargement of the thyroid gland and may be 
bilateral or unilateral. A goitre is a gland that has grown to an abnormal 
size, and it usually presents as a swelling or protrusion at the front or 
side of the neck. Iodine deficiency is the leading reason why people 
develop goitres.
• There's also a chance your eyes will bulge or look larger than usual. As 
a symptom of Graves' illness, this condition is known medically as 
exophthalmos.
•In Hraarier fcragsielist,y  haynpde lrotshsy rcoaind ibsme s icdaen e ffcaeuctsse  oifr ruengturel art ehde, acrhtrboenaict,  thdyiffirocidu lty 
breialltnheinssg., and even loss of consciousness. Medical treatment is required 
right away for these symptoms.
Causes of  Hyperthyroidism 
Graves' disease: -The thyroid gland is the target of the body's immune 
system in this condition. Because of this, your thyroid will produce an 
abundance of thyroid hormone. That Graves' disease runs in families is a 
given (passed down through a family). Graves' illness tends to run in 
families, so if one member of your family has it, you shouldn't rule out 
getting it yourself. Women are more likely to experience this than men 
because of their predetermined gender at birth. Most occurrences of 
hyperthyroidism can be traced back to Graves' disease.
Thyroid gland (nodules) 
- Thyroid nodules are 
abnormal growths of 
thyroid cells. They are 
capable of producing more 
hormones than the body 
requires. Malignant 
nodules of the thyroid are 
qTuhiytero uindcitoims:m on.
- Inflammation of the 
thyroid gland, also known 
as thyroiditis, can be quite 
uncomfortable or 
completely painless, 
depending on the 
individual (silent). In some 
cases, it can occur as soon 
as a year after giving birth 
(postpartum thyroiditis). 
You may develop 
hypothyroidism if your 
thyroid does not fully 
recover from thyroiditis.
An excessive intake of iodine:- An overabundance of iodine (through 
food or medicine) might stimulate the thyroid into producing excess 
thyroid hormone in those predisposed to hyperthyroidism. Iodine is an 
essential mineral for producing thyroid hormone in the thyroid gland.
Treatment of Hyperthyroidism
Medication
Antithyroid drugs impede hormone production by the thyroid. Methimazole 
(MMI) and propylthiouracil are two examples of the thionamide class of 
antithyroid medicines (PTU).
For decades, thionamides have been the treatment of choice for 
hyperthyroidism since they are well-established as safe for use in children 
and adults, including pregnant women. Pain in the joints, thinning hair, and 
rashes are some unwanted side effects of antithyroid drugs. Rarely, they 
may cause liver failure.
Radioactive iodine
Radioiodine, or more specifically radioactive iodine (RAI), is used to kill 
thyroid hormone-producing cells without harming other organs or tissues 
in the body. It's typically consumed in the form of a pill or a drink.
Patients treated with radioiodine for hyperthyroidism typically experience 
the opposite side effect, hypothyroidism. Treatment is simpler, and all you 
need to do is take a thyroid hormone tablet every day. Thyroid cancer is 
also treatable with RAI, but at greater dosages.
Surgery
A thyroidectomy is a surgery in which all or part of the thyroid gland is 
removed. Certain patients with hyperthyroidism may benefit from this 
operation, albeit each case is considered on its own merits. Patients who 
don't respond to or cannot undergo alternative treatments may be 
candidates for surgical intervention. Thyroid ectomy surgery, like any 
surgical procedure, can go wrong. Surgery in this area is typically 
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