What is Fissure , Causes , Treatment 
                     Fissure , Causes , Treatment 
What is Fissure?
A fissure is a narrow and elongated crack or 
opening that can occur in various tissues or 
organs of the body. It can be caused by 
trauma, infection, or underlying medical 
conditions. Fissures can occur in the skin, 
mucous membranes, anus, vagina, and 
other body parts. Symptoms may include 
pain, bleeding, and discomfort, depending 
on the location and severity of the fissure. 
Diagnosis is typically made through a 
physical exam and may require further 
testing.
Types of Fissure?
There are different types of fissures that can occur in the body, including:
1) Anal fissures - a tear in the lining of the anus that can cause pain, 
discomfort, and bleeding during bowel movements. Common causes 
include constipation, diarrhea, or trauma to the area.
2) Vaginal fissures - a tear in the vaginal tissue that can occur due to 
childbirth, sexual trauma, or underlying medical conditions. Symptoms 
may include pain during sex, itching, and vaginal discharge.
3) Skin fissures - a crack or tear in the skin caused by dryness, aging, or 
exposure to irritants. Typical areas of occurrence include the heels, hands, 
and lips.
4 )  Fissured tongue - a benign condition where the tongue has deep  
grooves or furrows on its surface. It is often asymptomatic but may 
cause discomfort or sensitivity to certain foods.
5 )  Fissured nails - a condition where the nails have deep, vertical 
grooves or cracks. This may be due to aging, injury, or an underlying 
medical condition.
6 )  Lung fissures - are a natural division in the lung tissue that 
separates the lobes. This division helps to prevent the spread of 
infections or diseases from one lobe to another.
7 )  Brain fissures - are natural divisions or grooves in the brain tissue 
that separate different regions and structures. These fissures are 
essential for understanding brain function and anatomy.
Symptoms of Fissure
Anal fissure, also known as a rectal fissure, is a tear or ulcer that 
develops in the lining of the anal canal. Symptoms of a fissure can 
include:
1. Pain during bowel movements: The most common symptom of 
an anal fissure is severe pain or discomfort during bowel 
movements.
2. Bleeding: Bright red blood may be seen on the toilet paper or in 
the toilet bowl after a bowel movement.
3. Itching or burning: The area around the anus may feel itchy or 
burning due to the irritation caused by the fissure.
4. Muscle spasms: Some people may experience muscle spasms in 
the anal area, which can cause further pain and discomfort.
5. Fecal incontinence: In severe cases, a fissure can cause loss of 
bowel control or difficulty holding in bowel movements.
6. Pain between bowel movements: Some people may experience 
ongoing pain or discomfort between bowel movements due to the 
presence of the fissure.
Causes of Fissure
Anal Fissure can be caused  by various  factors such as:
1. Constipation: Straining during bowel movements, which can occur 
with constipation, can cause anal fissures.
2. Diarrhea: Frequent episodes of diarrhea can irritate the anus and lead 
to fissures.
3. Trauma: Trauma to the anus, such as from anal sex or inserting a 
foreign object into the anus, can cause fissures.
4. Childbirth: Women who give birth vaginally may develop anal fissures 
due to the stretching and tearing that occurs during delivery.
Treatment option for Fissure
Treatment for anal fissures typically depends on the severity of the tear and 
underlying cause. Mild fissures may heal on their own with self-care 
measures, while more severe cases may require medical treatment. Here are 
some common treatments:
1. Sitz baths: Soaking in warm water for 10-15 minutes several times daily 
can help relieve pain and promote healing.
2. Topical ointments: Applying over-the-counter creams or ointments that 
contain anesthetics or steroids can help reduce pain and inflammation.
3. Stool softeners: Taking stool softeners can help prevent constipation 
and reduce strain during bowel movements.
4. Nitroglycerin ointment: A prescription ointment that helps relax the 
anal sphincter muscle and improve blood flow to promote healing.
5. Botox injections: Injections of botulinum toxin (Botox) injections into 
the anal sphincter muscle can help relieve spasms and promote 
healing.
6. Surgery: In rare cases, surgery may be necessary to repair the fissure 
if other treatments are unsuccessful.
It's important to speak with your healthcare provider if you're experiencing 
symptoms of an anal fissure to determine the appropriate treatment plan 
for your needs. In addition to medical treatment, lifestyle changes such as 
drinking more fluids, increasing fiber intake, and regular exercise can also 
help prevent and treat anal fissures.
Advanced Laser Treatment for Fissure
There are several types of laser surgery that may be used to treat anal 
fissures. Two common types of laser surgery for anal fissures are:
1. Carbon dioxide (CO2) laser surgery: This type of laser surgery uses 
a carbon dioxide laser to remove a small amount of tissue around the 
fissure. The laser creates a clean, precise cut and seals blood vessels as 
it cuts, which can reduce bleeding and promote healing.
2. Diode laser surgery: This type of laser surgery uses a diode laser to 
deliver a beam of concentrated energy to the tissue around the fissure. 
The tissue absorbs energy, causing it to vaporize and seal the wound, 
which can promote healing and reduce pain.
Laser Treatment at Medfine Hospital
One of the benefits of laser treatment for anal fissures is that it is 
associated with less pain and scarring compared to traditional surgical 
treatments. The laser creates a precise, clean cut and seals blood vessels 
as it cuts, reducing the risk of bleeding and promoting healing. Additionally, 
laser treatment is highly effective, with a low risk of complications.
Medfine Multi specialty hospital has a team of highly experienced and 
skilled surgeons to give the best surgical experience at an affordable price 
with complete care and dedication. Medfine Multi specialty hospital is a 
stop solution to all your medical problems.
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https://medfinehospitals.com  
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