What is Dehydration: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment | Graphic Era Hospital
                     Dehydration: Causes, 
Symptoms, and Treatment 
Options

The human body is made up of approximately 60-70% water, making it essential for proper functioning of cells and organs. Every cell of 
our body relies on water to carry out tasks, ranging from regulating temperature to supporting digestion and circulation. That said, there 
are times when the fluid we consume isn’t enough to meet the body’s needs, leading to dehydration. This may sound concerning, but in 
most cases, it is a manageable issue that can be easily addressed at home. The key is recognising the signs early on and knowing 
effective ways to rehydrate. To help us understand this better, this blog will explore the common causes, symptoms and effective 
treatment options for dehydration, along with practical tips to stay hydrated. Let’s start with understanding the basics.
What is Dehydration?
Dehydration is a condition that arises when your body doesn’t have enough water to carry out its normal functions. Although the body 
can function with a slight fluid deficit, it becomes problematic when water levels drop significantly. This can happen due to various 
reasons, such as not drinking enough fluids, losing excessive fluids through sweating or urination, or a combination of both. When 
dehydration sets in, the body’s cells, tissues, and organs may not work as efficiently, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness, and 
confusion.
What Causes Dehydration?
Dehydration can happen for a number of reasons, and it isn’t always due to simply not drinking enough water. Several factors—ranging 
from environment and physical activity to medical conditions—can increase fluid loss or reduce fluid intake. Here’s a closer look at the 
most common causes:
● Excessive Sweating Due to Heat or Physical Activity
● Fever, Diarrhoea, and Vomiting
● Increased Urine Output
● Inadequate Fluid Intake
● Excessive Use of Alcohol or Caffeinated Drinks
What are the Symptoms of Dehydration?
Dehydration can cause a range of symptoms that vary depending on its severity. Some common signs include:
● Thirst and a dry mouth, which are the body’s initial signals that it needs more water.
● Fatigue or feeling unusually tired, as dehydration can cause your energy levels to drop.
● Dizziness or lightheadedness, particularly when standing up quickly, due to low blood volume and changes in blood pressure.
● Dark yellow or amber urine, and a noticeable reduction in urine output, as the body tries to conserve water.
● Dry skin that may appear less elastic, with skin that doesn’t bounce back when pinched.
● Headache, which can occur when the brain temporarily shrinks from fluid loss.
● Confusion or difficulty concentrating, as dehydration can affect brain function.
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How Can Dehydration Be Prevented?
Preventing dehydration involves making a few simple adjustments to daily habits, especially during hot weather, physical activity, or 
illness. These practical tips can help reduce the chances of fluid loss:
● Drink water consistently throughout the day: Do not wait to feel thirsty. By the time thirst sets in, mild dehydration may already 
be present. Try sipping water at regular intervals rather than drinking large amounts all at once.
● Increase fluid intake during hot weather or physical activity: High temperatures and exercise increase sweat loss. Carry a water 
bottle and take breaks to rehydrate, especially during outdoor activities.
● Consume water-rich foods: Include fruits and vegetables like watermelon, cucumber, lettuce, oranges, and strawberries. These 
contribute to daily fluid needs and also offer important nutrients.
● Avoid drinks that increase fluid loss: Beverages such as coffee, tea, and alcohol can have a diuretic effect. Limit their intake, 
especially when already at risk of dehydration.
When Should You See a Doctor for Dehydration?
● No improvement after rehydration at home: If symptoms such as dizziness, weakness, or confusion do not get better after 
increasing fluid intake, medical care is needed.
● Persistent vomiting or diarrhoea: When the body continues to lose fluids and cannot retain what is being consumed, 
dehydration may worsen quickly without treatment.
● Signs of severe dehydration: Symptoms like sunken eyes, a very dry mouth, low blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, or little to no 
urine output should be taken seriously.
● High fever along with dehydration symptoms: A high body temperature speeds up fluid loss, making it harder to stay hydrated 
and increasing the risk of complications.
● Concerns in infants, young children, or elderly: These groups are more prone to the effects of dehydration, and symptoms such 
as dry lips, reduced urine output, or unusual sleepiness should not be ignored.
● Underlying medical conditions: People with health issues like diabetes, kidney disease, or heart problems should seek medical 
help early if they notice signs of dehydration, as it can affect their condition further.
Conclusion
Most cases of dehydration can be managed with care at home, but some situations call for timely medical 
attention. If there’s persistent fatigue, dizziness, or concerns about fluid loss due to illness or weather, it’s worth 
getting checked. At Graphic Era Hospital, guidance is available for those unsure about the next step or in need of 
support. A consultation can offer clarity and comfort before the condition becomes more serious.