Acute Phosphate Nephropathy
                     Signs and Symptoms of 
Acute Phosphate 
Nephropathy
Acute Phosphate Nephropathy
Acute phosphate nephropathy is a form of kidney 
injury that occurs after the use of intestinal 
purgatives containing oral sodium phosphate (OSP) 
and has been reported after the administration of 
enemas containing sodium phosphate. 
Signs and Symptoms of Acute 
Phosphate Nephropathy
Patients with phosphate nephropathy have mutable 
outcomes, whether they are familiar to develop acute 
kidney injury, abrupt loss to kidney failure, or not 
diagnosed. Because calcium phosphate crystal deposition 
is detected in the renal tubules after the use of OSP, the 
symptoms of phosphate nephropathy are similar to acute 
tubular necrosis, an intrinsic kidney injury.
 Risk Factor's 
• People over 55 years of age, female sex, people with 
a history of kidney disease if their GFR level is below 
60 ml / min.
• People receiving recurrent antihypertensive 
treatment with NSAIDs, ARBs, ACE inhibitors and 
diuretics.
• People who have fluids and fewer bowel movements.
• People who have underlying gastrointestinal and systemic 
diseases. 
• A short interval between OSP administrations (interval less 
than 12 hours). Of these risks listed factors
Prevention
• Phosphate nephropathy is considered an irreversible complication when it 
begins to progress to acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease.
• Prevention strategies can help to avoid unwanted outcomes.
• It is recommended that both healthcare professionals and patients, particularly 
high-risk individuals, obtain adequate information on the adverse effect of OSP 
before administering and consuming this agent.
• Monitoring kidney function weeks to months after OSP administration also 
helps to detect and treat the condition early and appropriately.
Treatment of Acute Phosphate 
Nephropathy
Following early detection, phosphate nephropathy can be treated with timely renal 
replacement therapy, such as hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, to slow the 
crystallization process of calcium phosphate. Hemodialysis is performed to aid renal 
excretion by removing accumulated toxins, especially the overproduction of reactive 
oxygen species in damaged tubular epithelial cells. Complete recovery of renal 
function after progression from phosphate nephropathy to acute kidney injury or 
chronic kidney disease has been reported to be rare.
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