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What is Selenium
Selenium is one of the most widely used open source Web UI (User Interface) 
automation testing suite.It was originally developed by Jason Huggins in 2004 
as an internal tool at Thought Works. Selenium supports automation across 
different browsers, platforms and programming languages.
Selenium can be easily deployed on platforms such as Windows, Linux, Solaris 
and Macintosh. Moreover, it supports OS (Operating System) for mobile 
applications like iOS, windows mobile and android.
Selenium supports a variety of programming languages through the use of 
drivers specific to each language.Languages supported by Selenium include 
C#, Java, Perl, PHP, Python and Ruby.Currently, Selenium Web driver is most 
popular with Java and C#. Selenium test scripts can be coded in any of the 
supported programming languages and can be run directly in most modern 
web browsers. Browsers supported by Selenium include Internet Explorer, 
Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome and Safari.
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Selenium Basic Terminology
With the growing need for efficient software products, every software development group need to 
carry out a series of tests before launching the final product into the market. Test engineers strive to 
catch the faults or bugs before the software product is released, yet delivered software always has 
defects. Even with the best manual testing processes, there's always a possibility that the final 
software product is left with a defect or is unable to meet the end user requirement. Automation 
testing is the best way to increase the effectiveness, efficiency and coverage of your software testing.
Automation Testing
Automation testing uses the specialized tools to automate the execution of manually designed test 
cases without any human intervention. Automation testing tools can access the test data, controls the 
execution of tests and compares the actual result against the expected result. Consequently, 
generating detailed test reports of the system under test.
Automation Testing tools which are used for functional automation:
Quick Test Professional, provided by HP.
Coded UI, provided by Microsoft.
Selenium, open source.
Automation Testing tools which are used for non-functional automation:
Load Runner, provided by HP.
JMeter, provided by Apache.
Burp Suite, provided by PortSwigger. +91 9356913849
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Selenium Features
Selenium is an open source and portable Web testing Framework.
Selenium IDE provides a playback and record feature for authoring tests without the need to 
learn a test scripting language.
It can be considered as the leading cloud-based testing platform which helps testers to record 
their actions and export them as a reusable script with a simple-to-understand and easy-to-use 
interface.
Selenium supports various operating systems, browsers and programming languages. 
Programming Languages: C#, Java, Python, PHP, Ruby, Perl, and JavaScript
Operating Systems: Android, iOS, Windows, Linux, Mac, Solaris.
Browsers: Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Edge, Opera, Safari, etc.
It also supports parallel test execution which reduces time and increases the efficiency of 
tests.
Selenium can be integrated with frameworks like Ant and Maven for source code compilation.
Selenium can also be integrated with testing frameworks like TestNG for application testing 
and generating reports.
Selenium requires fewer resources as compared to other automation test tools.
WebDriver API has been indulged in selenium whichis one of the most important modifications 
done to selenium.
info@rhsof +91 9356913849Selenium web tdtreivcehr. cdoomes not require server installation, test scripts interact directly with the 
browser.
Selenium commands are categorized in terms of different classes which make it easier to 
understand and implement.
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Selenium Limitations
Selenium does not support automation testing for desktop applications.
Selenium requires high skill sets in order to automate tests more effectively.
Since Selenium is open source software, you have to rely on community forums to get 
your technical issues resolved.
We can't perform automation tests on web services like SOAP or REST using Selenium.
We should know at least one of the supported programming languages to create tests 
scripts in Selenium WebDriver.
It does not have built-in Object Repository like UTF/QTP to maintain objects/elements in 
centralized location. However, we can overcome this limitation using Page Object Model.
Selenium does not have any inbuilt reportingcapability; you have to rely on plug-ins 
like JUnit and TestNG for test reports.
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Selenium vs QTP
Features Selenium HP QTP
License Open source tool Required
Customer support Dedicated HP support Selenium community forums
Test Support Supportsautomation only for web- Support tests on both web and 
based applications. desktop based applications.
Resource consumption during test Low resource consumption High resource consumption
scripts execution
Supported programming languages Java, C#, Ruby, Python, Perl, PHP VB Script.
and JavaScript
Supported Environments Android, iOS, Windows, Linux, Mac, Only for Windows
Solaris.
Supported Browsers Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Specific versions of Google Chrome, 
Internet Explorer, Edge, Opera, Mozilla Firefox and Internet Explorer.
Safari, etc.
Object Repository/Recovery Scenario Absent Built-in object repository and 
recovery scenario.
Parameterization You have to rely on any one of the Built-in tools are available for 
supported programming language parameterization.
for parameterization.
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Selenium Tool Suite
Selenium is not just a single tool but a suite of software, each with a different approach to 
support automation testing. It comprises of four major components which include:
1.Selenium Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
Selenium IDE is implemented as Firefox extension which provides record and playback 
functionality on test scripts. It allows testers to export recorded scripts in many languages like 
HTML, Java, Ruby, RSpec, Python, C#, JUnit and TestNG. You can use these exported script in 
Selenium RC or Webdriver.
>Selenium IDE has limited scope and the generated test scripts are not very robust and 
portable
2. Selenium Remote Control
Selenium RC (officially deprecated by selenium)allows testers to write automated web 
application UI test in any of the supported programming languages. It also involves an HTTP 
proxy server which enables the browser to believe that the web application being tested comes 
from the domain provided by proxy server.
Selenium RC comes with two components.
•Selenium RC Server (acts as a HTTP proxy for web requests).
•>Selenium RC Client (library containing your programming language code).
•The ifingfuor@e rghivseonft bteelcohw.c sohmows the architectural representation of Selenium RC. +91 9356913849
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3. Selenium WebDriver
Selenium WebDriver (Selenium 2) is the successor to Selenium RC and is by far the most important 
component of Selenium Suite. SeleniumWebDriverprovides a programming interface to create and 
execute test cases. Test scripts are written in order to identify web elements on web pages and then 
desired actions are performed on those elements.
Selenium WebDriver performs much faster as compared to Selenium RC because it makes direct 
calls to the web browsers. RC on the other hand needs an RC server to interact with the web 
browser.
•Google Chrome Driver
•Internet Explorer Driver
•Opera Driver
•Safari Driver
•HTML Unit Driver (a special headless driver)
4. Selenium Grid
Selenium Grid is also an important component of Selenium Suite which allows us to run our tests on 
different machines against different browsers in parallel. In simple words, we can run our tests 
simultaneously on different machines running different browsers and operating systems.
Selenium Grid follows the Hub-Node Architecture to achieve parallel execution of test scripts. The 
Hub isin cfoon@sirdhesroedft taes cmha.csotemr of the network and the other will be the nodes. Hub controls the 
execution of test scripts on various nodes of the network. +91 9356913849
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RH Soft Tech Features:
 Well Experienced faculty
 24/7 Server Access During the course
 Training based on Real-time scenario's
 Provides course material (e-books only)
 Affordable course fee structure
 Innovative Training methods
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