Object Oriented Programming With C++
                     Object Oriented Programming 
With C++
CONTENT
What is OOPs?
Concepts Of OOPs
Class
Objects
Encapsulation
Abstraction
Polymorphism
 Inheritance
What is OOPs?
Object-oriented programming – As the name suggests uses objects 
in programming. Object-oriented programming aims to implement real-
world entities like inheritance, hiding, polymorphism, etc in 
programming. The main aim of OOP is to bind together the data and the 
functions that operate on them so that no other part of the code can 
access this data except that function.
Polymorphism
Polymorphism
Objects Encapsulation
Objects Encapsulation
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Class Inheritance
Class Inheritance
Abstraction
Abstraction
Class
The building block of C++ that leads to Object-Oriented programming is 
a Class. It is a user-defined data type, which holds its own data members 
and member functions, which can be accessed and used by creating an 
instance of that class. A class is like a blueprint for an object.
For Example:-Consider the Class of Cars. There may 
be many cars with different names and brand but all of 
them will share some common properties like all of 
them will have 4 wheels, Speed Limit, Mileage range 
etc. So here, Car is the class and wheels, speed limits, 
mileage are their properties.
Objects
 An Object is an identifiable entity with some characteristics and behaviour. An Object 
is an instance of a Class. When a class is defined, no memory is allocated but when it is 
instantiated (i.e. an object is created) memory is allocated.
Object take up space in memory and have an associated address like a record in pascal 
or structure or union in C.
When a program is executed the objects interact by sending messages to one another.
Encapsulation
 Encapsulation is defined as wrapping up of data and information under a 
single unit. In Object-Oriented Programming, Encapsulation is defined as 
binding together the data and the functions that manipulate them.
Encapsulation also leads to data abstraction or hiding. As using encapsulation 
also hides the data. In the above example, the data of any of the section like 
sales, finance or accounts are hidden from any other section
Methods Variable Encapsulatio
s n in C++
Class
Abstraction
 Data abstraction is one of the most essential and important features of 
object-oriented programming in C++. Abstraction means displaying only 
essential information and hiding the details. Data abstraction refers to 
providing only essential information about the data to the outside world, 
hiding the background details or implementation.
For example:  A man driving a car. The man only knows that pressing the 
accelerators will increase the speed of car or applying brakes will stop the car 
but he does not know about how on pressing accelerator the speed is actually 
increasing, he does not know about the inner mechanism of the car or the 
implementation of accelerator, brakes etc in the car. This is what abstraction 
is.
Polymorphism
The word polymorphism means having many forms. In simple words, we can define 
polymorphism as the ability of a message to be displayed in more than one form.
A person at the same time can have different characteristic. Like a man at the same 
time is a father, a husband, an employee. So the same person posses different 
behavior in different situations. This is called polymorphism.
C++ supports operator overloading and function overloading.
 Operator Overloading: The process of making an operator to exhibit different 
behaviours in different instances is known as operator overloading.
 Function Overloading: Function overloading is using a single function name to 
perform different types of tasks.
Polymorphism is extensively used in implementing inheritance.
Inheritance
 The capability of a class to derive properties and characteristics from another class is called 
Inheritance. Inheritance is one of the most important features of Object-Oriented Programming.
Sub Class:  The class that inherits properties from another class is called Sub class or Derived 
Class.
Super Class: The class whose properties are inherited by sub class is called Base Class or 
Super class.
Reusability:  If we want to create a new class and there is already a class that includes some 
of the code that we want, we can derive our new class from the existing class. By doing this, we 
are reusing the fields and methods of the existing class.
Thank 
you