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                     Types of Assertions 
in Cypress
Exploring Validation Techniques in Cypress Tests
Introduction to Assertions
What are Assertions?
Assertions validate expected outcomes during test execution. They ensure 
application behaviour matches requirements.
Why Use Assertions in Cypress?
• Verify application states.
• Improve test reliability.
• Catch bugs effectively.
Visual: Flowchart showing testing with assertions.
Two Main Types of Assertions
o Implicit Assertions: Automatically provided by 
Cypress commands (e.g., should).
o Explicit Assertions: Require the use of assertion 
libraries like Chai.
Implicit Assertions
o Definition: Built into Cypress commands, allowing direct chaining with 
keywords like. should ().
o Examples:
o Existence Check: should('exist')
o Visibility: should ('be. Visible')
o Attribute Value: should ('have.attr', 'href', '/home')
o Visual: Example UI element with checkmarks for visibility, existence, 
etc.
Explicit Assertions
o Definition: Require assertion methods like. expect () or. assert () 
for more custom validations.
o Examples:
o expect(value).to. equal (10)
o assert. is True (true, 'Value is true')
o Usage: Applied when complex logical checks are required.
Commonly Used Assertions
• State Assertions: should ('be. checked'), should 
('be. disabled').
• Text Assertions: should('contain.text', 'Welcome').
• URL Assertions: should('include', '/dashboard').
• Length Assertions: should ('have. Length', 5).
• Visual: Table with Cypress commands and 
corresponding validations.
Benefits of Using Assertions
• Improved Accuracy: Confirms test scenarios 
match expectations.
• Readable Tests: Clearer intent in test scripts.
• Better Debugging: Errors pinpoint failure 
points quickly.
• Visual: Illustration of a magnifying glass over 
test steps.
Best Practices for Assertions
• Use Implicit Assertions for simplicity.
• Combine assertions with commands (e.g., 
click (). should ('be. Visible')).
• Keep assertions descriptive for better test 
readability.
• Avoid over-asserting; focus on key elements 
only.
Summary
• Recap: Assertions in Cypress ensure robust test 
validation.
• Key Takeaways:
– Use implicit assertions for standard checks.
– Opt for explicit assertions for custom validations.
– Follow best practices to enhance test reliability.
• Visual: Checklist graphic summarizing the key points.
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