What are Aerosols and how they are measured?
                     WHAT ARE AEROSOLS AND 
HOW THEY ARE MEASURED?
What are Aerosols?
• An aerosol includes the suspension in air or other 
gas of small solid particles or liquid droplets. 
Natural or anthropogenic aerosols may be. 
• E.g. smoke, mud, woodland exudates, geyser 
steam are natural aerosols. 
Source: 
www.nationalgeographic.com
What do aerosols do to climate?
• In two major aspects, aerosols affect the climates: 
altering the amount of heat that enters or passes 
into the atmosphere, or modifying the shape of 
clouds.
Source: www.yahoo.com
How do aerosols affect cloud?
• Aerosols influence environment in two primary 
aspects: modifying the heat input or transmission 
into the atmosphere, or altering the cludge form.
• These aerosols, like some forms of dust produced 
in ground rocks, are light and translucent.
Source: Wikipedia
How aerosols are measured?
• Two separate types typically quantify aerosols; 
together measurements and individual particulate 
measurements are available. 
• Simply calculating the properties of the individual 
droplets of the aerosol in question, as the name 
implies. 
• Measurements of the set take the whole dispersion 
of aerosols and then average the properties of all 
droplets.
Source: www.mdpi.com
Where aerosols are measured?
• There are also two separate places for testing 
aerosols. 
• Laboratory experiments are carried out on the one 
side in order to assess the comportment and 
properties of the aerosol in isolation in a perfect 
atmosphere. 
• In the meantime, field measurements rely on aerosol 
behaviour and properties in nature. 
Source: 
www.nationalgeographic.com
Why does all this matter?
• In order to be able to read and comprehend the 
scale distribution of aerosols, aerosols are a health 
threat in large enough concentrations, and thus, in 
the interests of the risk evaluation. 
• As particles of various sizes and diameters are 
inhaled by a human, they end up in different areas 
of the breathing system. 
Source: www.amt.com
Benefits of measuring droplet sizes
• In addition to the health benefits of accurate 
estimation, such technologies can also be used 
with several other advantages. 
• For example, researchers may use techniques for 
calculating aerosol droplets  for orally inhaled and 
nasal drug products to create more productive 
approaches. 
• The technology also applies in fields like car, which 
allow data that can enhance the combustion 
efficiency to be calculated during the quick firing 
of automotive fuel injectors systems.
Source: 
www.nationalgeographic.com
Tools to measure droplet sizes
• There are tools that have been developed that can 
help researchers determine the safety of a spray 
particle. 
• For example, the Malvern Spraytec utilises laser 
diffraction technology to measure the size of the 
droplets and particles in an aerosol substance as 
they pass through the laser. 
Source: http://archive.irnas.eu/
Instrumentation research
• Two directions in particle sizing instrumentation
•  Improved resolution and accuracy
•  Required for fundamental research
• Results in more expensive instrumentation
• For personal monitoring, Wide-spread global 
monitoring, urban
• air quality measurements
• Challenges in flow and particle transport in narrow 
channels
Source: 
www.malvernpanalytical.com
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