How are Archipelagos Formed?
                     HOW ARE ARCHIPELAGOS 
FORMED?
INTRODUCTION
An archipelago is a group or chain of 
islands that are typically found within 
different bodies of water, such as lakes 
and oceans. In this lesson, we will explain 
how these islands form as well as some 
examples of archipelagos on planet Earth.
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DYNAMIC
The Earth is fascinating because it is the 
only planet within our solar system known 
to contain living organisms within a 
biosphere. Everything on the Earth is 
dynamic and ever-changing, including the 
formation of land.
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LOCATION AND 
STRUCTURE 
The location and structure of the 
continents and islands you see today on 
world maps were different thousands of 
years ago, and they will be different in the 
many years to come. This is what makes 
our planet so interesting.
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FORMATION OF 
ARCHIPELAGOS
The formation of archipelagos is one of the 
many things that occurs on our planet's 
crust. An archipelago is a group or chain of 
islands than can be found in different 
bodies of water, including oceans, lakes, 
and rivers. 
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VOLCANIC 
FORMATION
Archipelagos can form from volcanic 
activity. Volcanic activity is anything that 
relates to volcanism, including the release 
of deadly gases and heat from the Earth's 
interior to the movement of magma from 
below the crust to above the surface.
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EXAMPLE
One example of volcanic activity that can 
form archipelagos is a hotspot. This is 
where an area within the oceanic crust is 
heated and has a constant supply of 
magma spewing out from within and 
cooling off to form land.
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EROSION
Another way that archipelagos are formed 
is from erosion and sediment deposit. 
Erosion is the process by which rock on 
Earth is broken down into tiny sediments. 
Wind storms, rushing water, and acid rain 
are just a few examples of things that can 
break down rock into sediment.
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SEDIMENT DEPOSIT 
FORMATION
Once this sediment is broken down, it 
sometimes is carried away to a new 
location and settles in that area, which is 
often described as sediment deposition. 
Depending on the conditions, the 
sediment can then solidify into rock again 
to create large formations, including 
islands.
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