ENTERITIS
                     ENTERITIS
INTRODUCTION
Enteritis is most often caused by eating or drinking 
things that are contaminated with bacteria or 
viruses. The germs settle in the small intestine and 
cause inflammation and swelling.
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Causes
• An autoimmune condition, such as Crohn disease
• Certain drugs, including NSAIDS (such as 
ibuprofen and naproxen sodium) and cocaine
• Damage from radiation therapy
• Celiac disease
• Tropical sprue
• Whipple disease
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Risk factors
• Recent stomach flu among household members
• Recent travel
• Exposure to unclean water
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Types of 
enteritis
• Bacterial gastroenteritis
• Campylobacter enteritis
• E coli enteritis
• Food poisoning
• Radiation enteritis
• Salmonella enteritis
• Shigella enteritis
• Staph aureus food poisoning
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Symptoms
• Abdominal pain
• Diarrhea -- acute and severe
• Loss of appetite
• Vomiting
• Blood in the stool
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Tests
• A stool culture to look for the type of infection. 
However, this test may not always identify the 
bacteria causing the illness.
• A colonoscopy and/or upper endoscopy to look at 
the small intestine and to take tissue samples if 
needed.
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Treatment
• Mild cases often do not need treatment.
• Antidiarrheal medicine is sometimes used.
• You may need rehydration with electrolyte 
solutions if your body does not have enough 
fluids.
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Possible 
Complications
Complications may include:
• Dehydration
• Long-term diarrhea
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Prevention
• Always wash your hands after using the toilet and 
before eating or preparing food or drinks. You may 
also clean your hands with an alcohol-based 
product containing at least 60% alcohol.
• Boil water that comes from unknown sources, 
such as streams and outdoor wells, before 
drinking it.
• Use only clean utensils for eating or handling 
foods, particularly when handling eggs and 
poultry.
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