The Evolution and Improvement of the ARM Architecture.
                     The Evolution and Improvement of 
the ARM Architecture
INTRODUCTION
 Advanced RISC machine (ARM) is the first 
reduced instruction set computer RISC 
processor for commercial use, which is 
currently being developed by ARM holdings. 
Source: http://ijsetr.org/
History
 In 1983, in England, Acorn Computer Ltd 
officially launched an Acorn RISC 
Management Project after being inspired to 
design its own processor by BerKeley RISC, 
one of the high impact projects under ARPA's 
VLSI projects, dealing with RISC based 
microprocessor design led by David Patterson.
Source: http://ijsetr.org/
ARM Architecture
 The ARM processor is based on the RISC 
architecture, where RISC stand for Reduced 
Instruction Set Computer. 
 ARM processor finds applications in digital 
TVs, set-top boxes, smartphones, mobile, 
laptops etc.
Source: http://ijsetr.org/
ARM architecture evolution
 The ARM architecture has evoked through 
many stages, the smart phones employ 
ARMv5 architecture and the later releases. 
 Hardware Floating Point Unit is the major 
change brought in ARMv7 to provide more 
speed than the software based floating point. 
 Even DSP instructions were added to the set 
to improve the ARM architecture for use in 
Digital Signal Processing and multimedia 
applications. 
Source: http://ijsetr.org/
Embedded Architectures
 There are several embedded architectures in 
use such as ARM architecture developed by 
ARM Ltd, Atmel's ARV architecture, TI's 
MSP430 architecture and many more. 
 However, the extensively used and most 
popular embedded architecture among many 
companies is the ARM Ltd's ARM architecture.
Source: http://ijsetr.org/
New ARMv8
 The new ARMv8 has undergone a 
considerable change by using 64-bit 
architecture. Therefore, this ARM architecture 
with brilliant features is widely accepted by 
many organizations.
Source: http://ijsetr.org/
FEATURES OF ARM 
ARCHITECTURE
 The ARM architecture is a simple hardware 
design allowing things to left off the chip. It 
provides small die-shaped chip which helps in 
reducing cost. 
 Its low-cost simple pipeline construction adds 
the benefits to embedded application
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Features of ARM Processor
 ARM is a 32-bit instruction set architecture. 
Today many embedded applications like smart 
phones, set-top boxes, digital television, 
digital camera use ARM processors due to 
their cost effectiveness and low power 
consumption. 
Source: http://ijsetr.org/
ARM Instruction set
 The instruction set of in ARM processor are 
classified as ARM instruction set, Thumb 
instruction set and Jazelle mode. 
 ARM mode is a standard 32-bit instruction set. 
a Thumb instruction set is a 16-bit 
compressed form that provides better 
performance than Complex Instruction Set 
Computer. 
Source: http://ijsetr.org/
Application domains of arm 
processor
 ARM Cortex A-Application Processors The ARM 
Cortex-A is a group of 32-bit and 64-bit RISC 
ARM processor cores licensed by ARM 
Holdings.
 ARM Cortex R-Real-time Embedded Processors 
have been developed for deeply embedded 
real-time applications.
 ARM Cortex M-Embedded Processors Cortex-M 
series processors have been developed 
primarily for the microcontroller domain 
where the need for fast.
Source: http://ijsetr.org/