How India can crack the vaccine challenge.
                     HOW INDIA CAN CRACK 
THE VACCINE CHALLENGE
INTRODUCTION
• With the UK having begun covid-19 vaccines and 
other countries set to follow shortly, it is time to 
unveil and publicise India's plan. 
• In the administration, the challenges have been 
addressed internally. 
• The States are already being contacted, and would 
have to be at the frontline of adoption. 
• The prime minister has also declared the 
prioritisation of vaccinating individuals. 
Source: livemint.com
INVESTMENT
• There is a lot at stake, and it will be a huge 
accomplishment to reach almost 700 million 
individuals within 12 months. 
• It will help fight the already common belief that 
India is a bad health performer. 
• It will also project India's reputation as well-placed 
in the post-pandemic era and as a positive factor in 
investment promotion. 
Source: livemint.com
THE VACCINE 
BASICS
• While it is normal to speak of supplying every 
citizen with the vaccine, it is not appropriate to 
target at covering all 1.3 billion individuals. 
• To escape the pandemic, covering 70 percent will 
be enough to gain herd immunity. 
Source: freepressjournal.com
THE VACCINE COST
• This still amounts to over 900 million, however 
since none of the vaccines have been checked for 
these categories, children under 10 and pregnant 
women should be removed as well.
Source: bloomberg.com
MANUFACTURING 
POTENTIAL
• The operational goal is less than 700 million, and if 
we are to reach this within a year, we need 1.4 
billion doses of vaccine, assuming a two-dose 
vaccine. 
• Securing 1.4 billion doses over a 12-month period is 
a risk, but relative to other developed nations, we 
are well positioned because we have a broad 
manufacturing potential for vaccines.
Source: outsourcingpharma.com
VACCINE CATAGORY
• The Serum Institute of India is the world's leading 
producer of vaccines. 
• The AstraZeneca-Oxford vaccine is being 
developed, and the Novavax vaccine will soon be 
produced. 
Source: livemintquintfit.com
POTENTIAL
• The potential is being extended to 1.2 billion doses 
a year, half of which will be made available to India. 
• Zydus Cadila, Bharat BioTech, Dr Reddy's Labs, and 
Biological E. are other Indian producers engaged in 
clinical trials to develop a vaccine.
Source: livemint.com
TECHNOLOGIES
• It is not an easy matter to pick the vaccine to use in 
the vaccination programme. 
• The pipeline vaccines are based on very different 
technologies: messenger RNA, adenovirus, and the 
conventional inactivated virus approach. 
Source: livemint.com
EFFECTIVENESS OF 
VACCINE
• Depending in the existence of co-morbidities, each 
vaccine will vary in its degree of effectiveness, side 
effects, and effects among various age ranges. 
• To complicate matters, until regulatory approval is 
granted, the magnitude of these variations will not 
be completely understood.
Source: scientistmagazine.com
THE CENTRE AND STATES
• Both the Centre and the states have critical roles to play. 
The central government has said it will be exclusively 
responsible for procuring vaccines for the public 
programme. 
• It will almost certainly also take direct responsibility for 
covering all health workers in central government 
hospitals, the military and paramilitary forces under its 
control, and key functionaries in essential services like 
the railways, air traffic control, airports, etc. 
• This part of the programme would require less than ten 
million doses and could be rolled out in the first few 
months.
Source: businesstoday.com