Brief information on Paper Battery and its Working.
                     BRIEF INFORMATION ON PAPER 
BATTERY AND WORKING
INTRODUCTION
• A paper battery is basically a device which can act both as a capacitor and as a 
battery.  It is a flexible, light weight device made up of carbon nano tubes 
emboldened on paper (cellulose). 
Source: www.electronicshub.org
CONSTRUCTION
• It is basically formed by combination of cellulose with carbon nanotubes.  It 
consists of infusion of carbon nanotubes with paper consisting of an ionic liquid 
as an electrolyte.
Source: www.electronicshub.org
METHODS TO 
CREATE PAPER 
BATTERIES
METHOD 1
• The first method involves fabricating zinc and manganese dioxide-based 
cathode and anode. The batteries are printed onto paper using standard 
silkscreen printing press.
• This paper is infused with aligned carbon nanotubes which are used as 
electrode. This paper is dipped in a solution of ionic liquid which acts as the 
electrolyte.
Source: www.electronicshub.org
METHOD 2
• The second method is a bit complex and involves growing nanotubes on a silicon 
substrate. 
• Thus, sheets of paper consisting of layers of carbon nanotubes are created. Two such 
sheets are combined to form a super capacitor with an ionic liquid like human blood, 
sweat or urine being used an electrolyte.
Source: www.electronicshub.org
METHOD 3
• The third is a simple method and can be constructed in a laboratory. It involves 
spreading a specially formulated ink of carbon nanotubes over a rectangular sheet of 
paper coated with an ionic solution. 
• A thin film of lithium is then laminated on the other side of the paper. Aluminium rods 
are then connected to carry current between the two electrodes.
Source: www.electronicshub.org
PAPER BATTERIES 
WORKING 
PROCESS
INTERNAL OPERATION
• Internal operation of paper batteries is like that of conventional batteries with each 
battery generating about 1.5V.
• Current flows as electrons flow from anode to the cathode through the conductor, 
since the electrolyte is an insulator and doesn’t provide a free path for electrons to 
travel.
Source: www.electronicshub.org
CHEMICAL REACTION
• The Paper battery works when the paper is dipped in the ion-based liquid solution; 
next a chemical reaction occurs between the electrodes and liquid. The electrons 
move from the cathode to anode to generate electricity.
Source: www.electronicshub.org
ELECTRICITY STORAGE
• The paper electrode stores energy while recharging within 10 seconds because the 
ions flow through the thin electrode quickly. The best method to increase the output of 
the battery is to stack different paper batteries one over the other.
Source: www.electronicshub.org
ADVANTAGES OF PAPER 
BATTERIES
• A paper battery can work even if it is folded, cut or rolled up.
• A Paper battery consists mainly of carbon and paper; it can be used to power 
pacemakers within the body.
• A paper battery can be used both as a capacitor and battery.
• It is an ultra-thin storage device.
Source: www.edgefx.in/
ADVANTAGES OF PAPER 
BATTERIES CONT.
• It is biodegradable, nontoxic, bio-compatible and economical.
• It generates close to 1.5V of energy.
• It is durable, easily recyclable and reusable.
• It is Overheating and Leakage proof.
• Flexible and Very Light Weight
• Easily Moldable Into different sizes and shapes
Source: www.edgefx.in