How does the Internet Works.
                     HOW DOES THE 
INTERNET WORKS?
What is the Internet?
• The Internet is a vast, sprawling collection of 
networks that connect to each other. In fact, the 
word "Internet" could be said to come from this 
concept: interconnected networks.
Source: www.cloudflare.com
The Birth of the Internet
• The origin of the internet began in the late 1960s 
and early 1970s from a new network technology 
created by the U.S. Department of Defense.
• Its purpose was to connect various Department 
of Defense scientists and researchers across the 
United States working on defense projects. 
Source: www.cloudflare.com
Network Basics
• Networks are groups of interconnected devices. 
Any device that is connected to a network is 
known as a “node.” Most modern networks 
contain the following nodes:
– Network Interface Cards / Network 
Adapters
– Switches
– Router
– Wireless Access Point
Source: www.iotforall.com
Wired Internet
• This is the most common form of connection to 
the internet. Hundreds of thousands of miles of 
wires are laid throughout the world. They range 
from phone lines (DSL) to fiber optic cables.
Source: www.iotforall.com
Satellite Internet
• People who have satellite dishes on their roofs 
are connecting to the internet via satellite. 
• This is usually required when there are no wired 
connections available in the local area to connect 
to the internet.
Source: www.iotforall.com
Cellular Internet
• A relatively recent addition, cell phones have 
joined the internet. 
• Cell phones connect using cell towers, which then 
connect to physical wires and to the rest of the 
internet.
Source: www.iotforall.com
HOW DOES THE INTERNET WORK?
Step 1
• The internet is a worldwide computer network 
that transmits a variety of data and media across 
interconnected devices. 
• It works by using a packet routing network that 
follows Internet Protocol (IP) and Transport 
Control Protocol (TCP)
Source: www.hp.com
Step 2
• When data is transferred over the internet, it’s 
delivered in messages and packets. 
• Data sent over the internet is called a message, 
but before messages get sent, they’re broken up 
into tinier parts called packets.
Source: www.hp.com
Step 3
• These messages and packets travel from one 
source to the next using Internet Protocol (IP) and 
Transport Control Protocol (TCP). 
• IP is a system of rules that govern how 
information is sent from one computer to 
another computer over an internet connection.
Source: www.hp.com
Step 4
• The Transport Control Protocol (TCP) works with 
IP to ensure transfer of data is dependable and 
reliable. 
• This helps to make sure that no packets are lost, 
packets are reassembled in proper sequence, and 
there’s no delay negatively affecting the data 
quality.
Source: www.hp.com