Moletronics – An Invisible Technology.
                     MOLETRONICS – AN 
INVISIBLE TECHNOLOGY
What is 
Moletronics 
Technology?
An invisible technology like 
moletronic is the combination of 
molecules & electronics is known 
as molecular electronics or 
Moletronics. 
The molecule is made with atoms 
and it is a tiny particle of 
compound or element.
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Latest 
technology
Moletronics is the latest technology 
after ULSI technology & it performs 
by using molecules to make 
electronic components work like 
transistors, diodes, logic gates, etc. 
For the fabrication of active & 
passive components, molecular 
building blocks are used like 
resistors & transistors.
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Function
Molecular is an electronics branch 
that utilizes single molecules 
otherwise a collection of molecules 
to execute a similar function 
through the active otherwise 
passive electronic components. 
This technology uses organic 
compounds which have electronic 
properties. So, moletronics is used 
to replace bulk electronics.
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Significance
Moletronics or Molecular 
electronics signify the ultimate 
challenge within the 
miniaturization of the device. 
The molecular electronics concept 
has stimulated great excitement in 
both science fiction & between 
scientists.
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Provide resources
This is due to the size reduction 
within electronics which is 
accessible through molecular 
properties. 
Molecular electronics provide 
resources to expand Moore’s Law 
ahead of the foresee edges of 
small-scale predictable Si ICs. 
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Integration 
methods
• For SSI or Small Scale Integration – 1 
to 2 components
• For MSI or Medium Scale Integration – 
20 components
• For LSI or Large Scale Integration – 50 
to 300 components
• For VLSI or Very Large Scale 
Integration, it ranges from 400 to 10k
• For ULSI or Ultra Large Scale 
Integration, it is above >10k
• After ULSI technology ends, 
moletronics technology will come
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Working Principle
• The moletronics working principle 
is similar to the usual Si fabricated 
chips but the main dissimilarity 
between these two is workability. 
• Once the conventional Si ICs have 
exposed marvelous progress 
during their development from the 
different integration techniques 
like the small scale to ultra-scale, 
this technology is best due to its 
best performance.
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Moletronics History
• In the year 1940, scientists like 
Albert Szent-Gyorgy & Robert 
Mulliken implemented the 
charge transfer theory concept 
with the help of molecules. 
• In 1974, Avi Aviram & Mark 
Ratner demonstrated a 
molecular rectifier theoretically 
in their publication.
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Moletronics 
Classification
• Moletronics is two types like the 
following:
• Molecular scale electronics
• Molecular materials for 
electronics
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Moletronics 
Devices
• Moletronics devices mainly 
include molecular wire, 
molecular transistor, molecular 
diodes, etc. These devices will 
replace the usual semiconductor 
devices in the future.
Source: www.elprocus.com