Nervous System Facts, Functions and Diseases.
                     Nervous 
System: Facts, 
Functions and 
Diseases
Introduction
Nervous system, organized group of cells 
specialized for the conduction of 
electrochemical stimuli from sensory receptors 
through a network to the site at which a 
response occurs.
2
Source: www.britannica.com
Function 
of Nervous 
Systems
Stimulus-Response Coordination
The simplest type of response is a direct one-to-
one stimulus-response reaction. A change in the 
environment is the stimulus; the reaction of the 
organism to it is the response. 
4
Source: www.britannica.com
Intracellular systems
The simplest type of response is a direct one-to-
one stimulus-response reaction. A change in the 
environment is the stimulus; the reaction of the 
organism to it is the response. 
5
Source: www.britannica.com
Organelle systems
In more-complex protozoans, specialized 
cellular structures, or organelles, serve as 
receptors of stimulus and as effectors of 
response. Receptors include stiff sensory 
bristles in ciliates and the light-sensitive 
eyespots of flagellates.
6
Source: www.britannica.com
Facts 
about 
Nervous 
Systems
The body has billions of 
nerve cells
Every person’s body contains billions of nerve 
cells (neurons). There are about 100 billion in 
the brain and 13.5 million in the spinal cord. 
The body’s neurons take up and send out 
electric and chemical signals (electrochemical 
energy) to other neurons.
8
Source: www.healthline.com
There is a nervous system for 
controlling the body at rest
The parasympathetic nervous system controls 
bodily functions when a person is at rest. Some 
of its activities include stimulating digestion, 
activating metabolism, and helping the body 
relax.
9
Source: www.healthline.com
There is a nervous 
system for controlling 
the bowel
The body has its own nervous system that just 
controls the bowel. The enteric nervous system 
automatically regulates bowel movements as a 
part of digestion.
10
Source: www.healthline.com
The body has a nervous system 
for preparing the body for action
The sympathetic nervous system tells the body 
to get ready for physical and mental activity. 
It causes the heart to beat harder and faster 
and opens the airways for easy breathing. It 
also temporarily stops digestion so the body 
can focus on fast action.
11
Source: www.healthline.com
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