Solubility of Gas in Liquid
                     SOLUBILITY OF 
GAS IN LIQUID
DEFINITION
The solubility of a gas in water 
depends on temperature, the partial 
pressure of the gas over the liquid, 
the nature of the water and the 
nature of the gas. 
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FACTORS 
AFFECTING 
SOLUBILITY OF GAS 
IN LIQUID
1. Nature of the gas and the solvent
2. Effect of temperature(Decreases 
with increase in temperature)
3. Effect of pressure
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HENRY'S 
CONSTANT
Henry's constant KH​=K1​ where K is 
the constant of proportionality 
whose value depends on the nature 
of the gas, the nature of solvent and 
the temperature.
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CHARACTERISTI
CS OF HENRY'S 
CONSTANT
1. It is the function of the nature of 
the gas
2. Greater the value of KH​, lower is 
the solubility of the gas at the 
same partial pressure at a 
particular temperature
3. The value of KH​ increases with 
the increase of temperature 
implying that the solubility 
decreases with the increase of 
the temperature at the same 
pressure.
Source: www.toppr.com
LIMITATIONS 
OF HENRY'S 
LAW
1. The pressure should be low and 
the temperature should be high 
i.e the gas should behave like an 
ideal gas
2. The gas should not undergo 
compound formation with the 
solvent or association or 
dissociation in the solvent
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WHY IS 
SOLUBILITY TEST 
IMPORTANT?
The size and polarity of an unknown 
compound and the presence of 
fundamental or acidic functional 
groups can be inferred by solubility 
measures. The solubility of a 
compound in aqueous acid or base 
requires the compound’s ionization 
and, thus, a chemical reaction.
Source: byjus.com
WHAT CAUSES 
SOLUBILITY?
Usually, the solubility of a given 
solute in a given solvent depends on 
temperature. Solubility tends to 
equate with rising temperature for 
several solids dissolved in liquid 
water. 
They vibrate faster as water 
molecules heat up, and are better 
able to communicate with and split 
the solution apart.
Source: byjus.com
DOES PH 
AFFECT 
SOLUBILITY?
The solubility of the solute can affect 
the pH of an aqueous solution. If the 
solution’s pH is such that no net 
electrical charge is borne by a 
specific molecule, the solution also 
has minimal solubility and 
precipitates out of the solution.
Source: byjus.com
DOES 
TEMPERATURE 
AFFECT 
SOLUBILITY?
The solubility increases with 
temperature for certain solids that 
are dissolved in liquid water. 
The rise in higher temperature 
kinetic energy helps the solvent 
molecules to break apart the solute 
molecules that are kept together by 
intermolecular attractions more 
effectively.
Source: byjus.com
HOW DOES 
TEMPERATURE AND 
PRESSURE AFFECT 
SOLUBILITY?
In this reaction, an increase in 
pressure and a rise in temperature 
contributes to greater solubility. 
To decrease the partial pressure, an 
increase in pressure results in more 
gas particles entering the liquid. The 
solubility will, therefore, increase.
Source: byjus.com