Zuri Njoku Explains 6 Essential IoT Protocols You Should Understand
                     Zuri Njoku 
Explains 6 
Essential IoT 
Protocols You 
Should 
Understand
The Internet of Things (IoT) allows 
devices like sensors, machines, and 
smart appliances to communicate with 
each other. For this communication to 
work properly, IoT systems rely on 
protocols. Protocols are sets of rules that 
tell devices how to send and receive 
data.
Zuri Njoku explains six important IoT 
protocols that help make IoT systems 
reliable, efficient, and easy to manage.
1. MQTT (Message 
Queuing Telemetry 
Transport)
MQTT is a lightweight protocol designed for 
devices that use little power and work on 
slow or unstable networks. It uses a 
publish–subscribe system, where devices 
send data to a central server called a 
broker.
This protocol is commonly used in smart 
homes, remote sensors, and industrial 
monitoring because it saves bandwidth and 
battery life.
2. CoAP (Constrained Application 
Protocol)
CoAP is made for small devices 
with limited memory and 
processing power. It works in a 
similar way to HTTP but is much 
simpler and faster.
CoAP is often used in smart 
lighting, environmental sensors, 
and machine-to-machine 
communication where 
efficiency is important.
3. HTTP/HTTPS
HTTP and HTTPS are well-known 
internet protocols and are still used 
in many IoT systems. They are 
mostly used when IoT devices 
communicate with cloud platforms 
or dashboards.
While HTTP is not ideal for very 
small devices, it is easy to use, 
secure, and works well with web 
applications and APIs.
4. AMQP (Advanced 
Message Queuing 
Protocol)
AMQP is a reliable messaging protocol that 
ensures data is delivered correctly. It 
supports message storage, routing, and 
confirmation that messages have been 
received.
This protocol is often used in enterprise and 
industrial IoT systems where losing data is 
not acceptable.
5. DDS (Data 
Distribution Service)
DDS is designed for real-time 
communication. It allows devices to 
share data directly with very low 
delay and high reliability.
DDS is used in systems like 
robotics, autonomous vehicles, and 
industrial automation where fast 
and accurate data delivery is 
critical.
6. LwM2M (Lightweight 
Machine-to-Machine)
LwM2M focuses on managing IoT 
devices rather than just sending data. It 
helps with tasks such as device setup, 
monitoring, and software updates.
This protocol is useful for large IoT 
networks where many devices need to 
be managed remotely and efficiently.
Thank You