Industrial Dyes In Textile Industry
                     Industrial Dyes In Textile Industry
Anil Kumar
Works for one of the quality cosmetics active ingredients suppliers. 
Writes on cosmetics active ingredients for personal care, home 
care, hair colour, sun care products, pigmentation dryer and 
dietary supplements including Iscotrizinol, also called as Uvasorb 
Heb / Diethylhexyl butamido triazone.
    The usage of industrial dyes is seen majorly in the textile sector. As the 
worldwide textile industry is registering a continuous growth, a similar 
expansion is obviously observed in the industrial dye sector, as well.
    These dyes are used to some extent even in sectors such as printing 
inks, paper, paints, foodstuffs, and plastics. But, in these industries the 
role of dyes is limited. Thus, the focus of this article is primarily going to 
be on industrial dyes specific to textile manufacturing.
Textile dyes – salient points
    Let us now briefly speak about a few salient points that give us a basic 
understanding of industrial dyes.
• Basically, dyes play the important role of giving different colors to 
various fabrics.
• Essentially, the dyes are divided into two categories: Natural dyes and 
synthetic dyes. As denoted by the name, dyes of the first- mentioned 
category come from natural substances like berries, roots, bark, and 
leaves. Likewise, synthetic dyes are made in a laboratory through some 
chemical processes.
• The efficiency of natural dyes is way lower than that of their 
synthetic counterparts. This is with respect to providing bright, 
attractive colors to fabrics lasting for a very long time. Also, 
natural variants are more expensive and hence; synthetic dyes are 
the ones that are predominantly seen in the textile sector.
• It has to be highlighted that dyes can be coated to the fabrics 
anytime during the manufacturing process. It’s not mandatory 
that dyeing should be done only at a specific stage of the process.
Industrial dyes in textile industry- Different types
    Now, it will be worthwhile to succinctly elaborate upon a few of the major 
types of industrial dyes now commonly used in the textile sector. All these 
come under the “synthetic dye” category.”
• Direct dyes: In instances where bright colors are not chosen for a fabric, 
direct dyes denote as good options. These dyes, which are dissolvable in 
water, are reasonably inexpensive and it’s quite simple to apply them, too. 
Especially, when the concerned fabric is of cotton, direct dyes do a great 
job.
• Basic dyes: When it comes to dyeing fabrics like nylon, wool and silk, the 
basic dyes are highly dependable. For these dyes, acetic acid is the 
substance that is included into the dye bath for enhancing the absorption 
of the dye. Here, it must be mentioned that the usage of basic dyes is also 
present in the paper industry.
• Reactive dyes: The reactive dyes are of comparatively recent origin in 
the textile industry. These dyes are also called fiber- reactive dyes, and 
are made of anionic compounds that get easily dissolved in water. When 
it is intended to give a bright color to the fabric, the reactive dyes can be 
safely counted on. Even if a fabric with reactive dye is washed with 
other fabrics, its color remains unaffected.
• Disperse dyes: Disperse dyes are not dissolvable in water; they are made 
solely for adding color to cellulose acetate. Though the maximum use of 
these dyes is for coloring polyester fabrics, yet, occasionally; they are 
used even for georgette and nylon.
• Mordant dyes: Here, a mordant is brought in to increase resistance of 
the dye towards water, light, and sweat. Silk, polyester and rayon are 
some fabrics where mordant dyes are of immense help. Here, it is 
extremely crucial that the right mordant is chosen; or else, the cloth 
color changes completely in an unwanted way.
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