Company Registration in Canada
                     
COMPANY 
REGISTRATION 
IN CANADA
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Canada is a vast country, North of North America. It 
borders the North Atlantic Ocean on the east, North 
Pacific Ocean on the west, and the Arctic Ocean on 
the north. Economically and technologically, the 
nation has developed in parallel with the United 
States, its neighbour to the south. As an affluent, 
high-tech industrial society in the trillion-dollar 
class, Canada resembles the United States in its 
market-oriented economic system, pattern of 
production, and affluent living standards. The 
country’s petroleum sector is rapidly becoming an 
even larger economic driver with Alberta’s oil sands 
significantly boosting Canada’s proven oil reserves. 
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Canada offers excellent opportunities to Investors 
from around the globe to set up branch offices, 
subsidiaries or start-up of Small Medium Enterprise 
Companies in Canada. With a combination of cultural 
diversity, inclusiveness, and government support, 
you can be assured that your business will succeed 
in Canada regardless of your respective industry.
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and French.

There are two types of incorporation in Canada; 
provincial and federal incorporation.
PROVINCIAL INCORPORATION – what are the main 
features?
• When you incorporate your business in a 
particular province or territory, you are only 
entitled to operate your business in that 
jurisdiction and have no name protection 
outside that province or territory
• If you plan to be operating primarily within one 
province, provincial incorporation may be 
sufficient
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FEDERAL INCORPORATION
• Federal incorporation gives your business increased business 
name protection and wider rights to carry on business
• Federal incorporation of your business means that you will be 
able to do business all across Canada under the same business 
name, even if some other company is already using a similar 
name in some province or territory
• If you choose federal incorporation, you will need to register 
your business in any province or territory where you carry on 
business
• Federal incorporation will involve more paperwork every year, 
as you will need to comply with the corporate filings required 
by the federal Director of Corporations Branch and all filings 
required by the provinces that your corporation is registered in
• Federal incorporation may cost more
• Federal incorporation can be an excellent choice if your 
business needs the nation-wide business name protection that 
federal incorporation provides, or if your business is or will be 
operating internationally
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FEDERAL VS. PROVINCIAL
The primary difference between the two methods are in the:
•     Protection of company name rights
•     Ability to conduct business in all provinces
•     The overall cost to initiate and renew incorporation
A Federal incorporation provides wider rights to the business owner. It also offers better 
protection of your business name. This comes into play if you discover that a business is 
operating under the same registered name. Your ability to take corrective action varies. It 
generally depends on how your business is registered and legally structured. Federal 
incorporation gives you the right to use your business name across all of Canada. It protects 
you even if there is another business in a different province using the same name. If you 
register your business only in a single province, you are only protected in that location. If a 
business is using your name in another province, you won’t be able to register there.
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BASIS OF FDERAL INCORPORATION PROVINCIAL INCORPORATION
DIFFERENCE
Business Name To file for a Federal With a Provincial Incorporation, many 
Requirements incorporation, your business provinces will accept a business name as 
name must be significantly long as there are no exact matches.
distinct and will need to be 
reviewed by Corporations 
Canada for approval.
Annual Filing Depending on the province you Federal registration is usually less 
Requirements are registered in, you may only expensive at the outset, the annual costs 
have to file paperwork in certain outweigh these savings in the long run.
circumstances.
Simplicity A Federal incorporation offers Professionals, particularly bankers, 
greater protections, but this is attorneys, and accountants may be more 
offset by increased familiar with provincial corporations.
requirements. Extra costs may 
be associated with each of the 
filings, such as the annual 
filings.
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 The Advantage of Federal Incorporation
The main difference between federal and provincial 
incorporation is that federal incorporation gives your business 
increased business name protection and wider rights to carry 
on business throughout the entire country.
Federal incorporation of your business means that you will be 
able to do business all across Canada under the same 
business name, even if some other company is already using a 
similar name in some province or territory.
This is not the case with provincial incorporation. When you 
incorporate your business in a particular province or territory, 
you are only entitled to operate your business in that 
jurisdiction and have no name protection outside that province 
or territory.
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 DISADVANTAGES of Federal 
Incorporation
When you read the above information about the 
difference between provincial and federal 
incorporation, you may wonder why everyone who 
wants to incorporate in Canada doesn't just incorporate 
federally. That may be because the downside to federal 
incorporation is it takes extra work and money.
Although provincial and federal incorporation is an 
"either-or" proposition, if you choose federal 
incorporation, you will need to register your business in 
any province or territory where you carry on business. 
Federal incorporation will involve more paperwork 
every year, as you will need to comply with the 
corporate filings required by the federal Director of 
Corporations Branch and all filings required by the 
provinces that your corporation is registered in.
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TYPES OF COMPANY IN CANADA
In Canada, there are four basic business structure to do business/trade. The person willing to do 
business here in country has to choose the good Business Structure as per their requirements to be 
registered in Canada for operation.
SOLE PROPRIETORSHIP
It is very easy and inexpensive to register. The regulatory burden is very light and person do have 
direct control and decision making. In this type of business structure, creditor can make a claim 
against the individual assets as well as business assets in order to satisfy any debts.
PARTNERSHIP
It is non-incorporated business that is created between two or more people. In a general 
partnership, each partner is jointly liable for the debts of the partnership but in a limited 
partnership, a person can contribute to the business without being involved in its operations.This 
type of business form is fairly easy and inexpensive to form. Partnership Deed is major document to 
be prepared and kept safe to avoid any future dispute in business/trade.
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CORPORATION
It can be incorporated at the federal or provincial/territorial level. It is incorporated with 
legal recognition having a capability of ownership to be transferable. It is separate from 
its shareholder as far as separate legal entity is concern. As a shareholder of corporation, 
shareholder will not be personally liable for debts, obligation or acts of the corporation. It 
is preferred form of business as it is of limited liability, continuous existence and easier to 
raise capital than it might be with other business structure.
COOPERATIVE
It is owned and controlled by an Association of members (AOM). It can be set up as a 
profit or as a not for profit organization. It is good to established as it is most democratic 
form of Business due to Democratic Control (like One Member One Vote). It has limited 
liability with the ownership and controlling by its members.
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STEPS TO CONSIDER BEFORE PLANNING BUSINESS
A. Planning a business
Person required to plan the form and 
manner of operation of entity as a whole 
business plan, is most before move to 
any required steps/procedure to 
incorporate the business.
B. Choosing Business Name
Next job to person who is planning to do 
business in Canada, required to choose 
proper name of Business and need to 
follow consistently with all the 
communication and business operation.
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C. Registering your business with the 
government
The next important matter for business structure is to 
register it with concern department for commencement 
of job.
D. Applying for permits and licenses
Irrespective of form/ structure of business, entity is 
required to obtain the permit and licenses as required 
by regulatory framework of Canada.
E.  Getting business support and financing
Last but not the least, as a universal truth of business it 
is the step to be followed at any cost i.e. business 
support and financing for the same.
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COMPANY FORMATION 
PROCESS IN CANADA
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Step 1: Naming of Business
It must be such unique and easy to remember, 
and should describe the products and services 
the business provide.
Step 2: Business Number
Register person required to obtain Business 
Number to identify your business to federal, 
provincial and municipal governments. This 
Business number will be used for dealing with 
the government regarding GST/Harmonized 
Sales Tax (HST), payroll, import/export and other 
activities.
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Step 3: Incorporation
It can be done federally or provincially. Both means either paper mode or online are available for 
incorporation.
Name Search: The name once approved will last for maximum 90 days and it will expire. Meaning 
thereby person registering corporation required to full fill other credentials within 90 days of Name 
Search.
Article of Incorporation: It need to be signed by the incorporator(s). If incorporator is a company then 
article must be signed by an individual authorized by that body. Person can file Article of Incorporation 
through Online Filing Centre or Complete Form 1 where person need to state proposed name, 
province or territory in Canada, share structure and restriction on share transfer, number of directors 
etc.
Language of Articles: It can be either French or English or both.
Provide initial registered office address which can be used for further communication and first board 
of Directors. Filing the appropriate form and paying the fee as per Canada Business Corporation Act. 
Filing Incorporation documents cost 200USD or 250USD for online and paper mode as the case may 
be respectively.
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Step 4: Processing of Application
After all the above steps, the Corporations Canada will analyses and make sure Article of 
Incorporation have been properly and appropriately completed and that the proposed name is 
acceptable. Applications will be complete if it includes all necessary documents, forms are complete 
and signed and fees is included.
Step 5: Provincial and territorial registration
Registration is different from incorporation. If you run business, have an address or offer product or 
services other than incorporated address, required to take registration within a week after 
incorporation in each province to have permission of doing business/trade.
Step 6: Obtain Business Number or permits and other requirements
As per the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA), any person doing or running business either in province or 
federal required Business Number for GST/Harmonized Sales Tax (HST), Payroll deductions, corporate 
income tax, import and export duties and taxes. Some of Municipality also required permits to 
operate business on that locality like license of alcohol for restaurant services etc.
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THANK YOU
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