Company Registration inTurkey
                     
Company 
Registration in 
Turkey
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ABOUT Turkey, officially the Republic of Turkey is 
a transcontinental country located mainly 
on the Anatolian peninsula in Western Asia, 
with a smaller portion on the Balkan 
peninsula in Southeastern Europe. East 
Thrace, the part of Turkey in Europe, is 
separated from Anatolia by the Sea of 
Marmara, the Bosporus and 
the Dardanelles which straddles Europe 
and Asia, is the largest city in the country 
while Ankara is the capital. Turkey has the 
world's 13th largest GDP by PPP and 19th 
largest nominal GDP. The country is among 
the founding members of the OECD and 
the G20.
The EU – Turkey Customs Union in 1995 led 
to an extensive liberalization of tariff rates, 
and forms one of the most important pillars 
of Turkey's foreign trade policy.
The automotive industry in Turkey is 
sizeable, and produced over 1.3 million 
motor vehicles in 2015, ranking as the 14th 
largest producer in the world. 



Facts about investment and business in 
Turkey
• a complete VAT refund is granted to 
investments of at least TRY 500 million in 
Turkey;
• according to the latest statistics, Turkey is the 
17th largest economy in the world;
• approximately USD 174.5 billion was the GDP 
reported in Turkey this year in June;
• in 2018, Turkey was the 7th most popular FDI 
destination of Europe;
• around 34% of the foreign investments were 
directed to the finance sector in Turkey in 2018;
• around 24% of the FDI in Turkey were registered 
in the manufacturing sector.
A business intending to operate in Turkey as 
a foreign investor can establish one of the 
following
• Liaison office. 
    Liaison offices are prohibited from engaging in 
commercial activities and are only permitted to 
conduct market research and advertise and 
promote the foreign investor's business in 
Turkey. These offices are an extension of their 
foreign parent company and do not have an 
independent legal personality. They cannot 
acquire rights and incur liabilities through their 
own actions.
• Branch office. 
    Branches do not have a legal personality and 
are not fully independent from their parent 
company. This means that the foreign parent 
company remains liable for the branch's debts. 
A foreign investor is directly liable for all the 
obligations of the branch irrespective of the 
capital allocated to the branch itself
• Turkish subsidiary
   It is also an option to incorporate 
a Turkish company. The most 
common forms of company are 
joint stock companies and limited 
liability companies .The 
procedures for establishing a 
company with foreign capital are 
fundamentally the same as for 
local companies. Therefore, unless 
the new company is going to 
perform certain specific activities 
regulated by a regulatory 
authority, no prior authorization is 
necessary before incorporation. 

Challenges of doing business in Turkey
Dealing Getting 
Trading 
with Getting Registering Paying Resolving Credit and 
Across 
Constructio Electricity Property Taxes Insolvency Protecting 
Borders
n Permits Investors
TYPES OF Liimiited  Liiabiilliity  
Companiies  (Liimiited  
COMPANIES Siirket  -  LTD)
Commandiite  Joiint  Stock  
Companiies  Companiies    (Anoniim  
(Komandiit  Siirket) Siirket  -  AS)
Cooperatitive  Collllectitive  
Companiies  Companiies      
(Kooperatitif  Siirket) (Kollllektitif  Siirket)
Types of Companies
• 1. Joint Stock Company.
The company’s stock capital is divided into shares and the 
liability of the shareholders is limited to the subscribed 
capital and paid by the shareholder.  At least one 
shareholder (real person or legal entity) and a minimum 
capital of TRY 50,000.00 (fifty thousand) are mandatory.  
The mandatory company shall include a general assembly 
and a board of directors.
2. Limited Liability Company.
It is a company established with at least one shareholder 
(real person or legal entity) and the liability of the 
shareholders is limited to the subscribed capital and paid 
by the shareholder.  A minimum capital of TRY 10,000.00 
(ten thousand) is mandatory.  The company shall be 
managed and represented through the general assembly 
and directors.

• 3. Limited Partnerships.
It is a company established to operate a commercial enterprise under a trade name.  Whereas 
the liability of some shareholders is limited to the capital subscribed and paid by the 
shareholder, for some shareholders there is no limitation of liability (commandite).  Legal 
entities can only be commanditer [Limited Partners].  No minimum capital is required.  The 
rights and obligations of the shareholders are determined by the articles of association of the 
company.
4. Collective Company.
It is the company established to operate a commercial enterprise under a trade name and, the 
liability of none of the shareholders is limited only to the capital subscribed and paid by the 
shareholder.  No minimum capital is required.  It is mandatory that all shareholders shall be 
real persons.  The rights and obligations of the shareholders are determined by the articles of 
association of the company.
5. Cooperative Company.
The cooperative companies are defined under Cooperative Law No.1163 as the partnerships 
having the legal personality which are established by at least 7 partners consisting of real 
persons or legal entities with a convertible partner and capital structure, for the purposes of 
ensuring and protecting certain economic interests and especially manpower and financial 
injects made for professional and livelihood necessities of the partners in mutual assistance, 
solidarity and security.
Minimum Share Capital
A Limited Liability Company A Joint Stock Company 
(LS) (AS)
 10.000 TRY  50.000 TRY.
The main steps to register a 
company in Turkey
There are 4 main steps are required in order 
to incorporate a legal  entity in Turkey:
• After elaborating and signing the articles of association, 
the document must be notarized along with the 
signature declaration of the managers and the 
commercial books of the entity.
• 0.04% from the capital has to be deposited at 
the Competition Authority and the minimum share 
capital has to be deposited in a bank, which will issue a 
certificate of paid-in capital.
• After that, the applicant must comply to the 
requirements of the Trade Registry Office and file the 
incorporation notice form, commitment letter, and 
Chamber registration statement.
• The company must register for taxation 
purposes, obtain a VAT number with the tax authorities 
and register with the social security administration – all 
steps are completed at once.
What documents are required for the 
incorporation of a company in Turkey?
The following documents are 
required for the company 
registration process in Turkey:
 
• the company’s memorandum and 
articles of association of the 
company;
• the notarized copies of the 
identification papers of the 
company’s shareholders;
• the notarized copies of the 
identification papers of the 
company’s directors;
• the notarized copies and original 
form of the declaration of the 
establishment of the business. 
Other requirements are:
•  the original receipt from the bank, proving 
that the 0,04% from the capital were 
deposited to the Competition Authority,
•  the certificate of deposit of the minimum 
capital.
ADVANTAGES OF REGISTRATING A 
COMPANY IN TURKEY
• A strategic hub of commerce 
between Asia and Europe;
• Geo-politically strategic location;
• Stable economy and well developed 
banking system;
• Energetic and competitive workforce;
• Government subsidies and Free Trade 
zone benefits;
• Hugely demanding domestic market;
• Integrated regulations with the 
European Union;
• Easier access to both African and 
Middle East markets.
Incentives
Customs   Duty
  Corporate  Tax  
VAT Exemption
Exemption Reduction
Sociiall  Securiity  Sociiall  Securiity  Income  Tax  
Premiium  Support  Premiium  Support  Wiithholldiing  
(Emplloyer''s  Share) (Emplloyee''s  Share) Support.
Interest  Rate  
Land  Allllocation.
Support

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