Structural steel is one of the strongest and most reliable building materials used in modern construction. However, despite its high strength, steel is vulnerable to extreme temperatures during a fire. When exposed to heat above 550°C, steel begins to lose its load-bearing capacity, which can lead to catastrophic structural failure. To prevent this, engineers and builders commonly use fire retardant coatings for structural steel, an essential fire protection method that increases the fire resistance of steel components and improves overall building safety.