Traffic signal preemption and priority play pivotal roles in optimizing traffic flow by adjusting signal timing to prioritize specific vehicle types such as emergency vehicles, buses, streetcars, light rail, trucks, or trains. The distinction lies in the purpose each serves. Signal Priority allocates extra green time for larger transit vehicles like buses and Signal Preemption swiftly grants a green light to emergency vehicles, trains, or light rail. In the case of Signal Priority, the focus is on enhancing the efficiency of larger transit vehicles, providing them with extended green time at intersections. This ensures smoother movement for buses, light rail, trucks, and streetcars. On the other hand, Signal Preemption takes a more assertive approach, taking full control of an intersection. Upon activation, it promptly turns all signal lights red, except for the direction in which the emergency vehicle, light rail, or train is moving. This decisive action ensures unimpeded progress for the prioritized vehicle type.