Dysprosium (Dy) wire and rod production begins with dysprosium oxide reduced via metallothermic methods (typically calcium or lanthanum co-reduction), followed by vacuum distillation/refining to achieve high purity, then casting into billets for hot/cold working. Given dysprosium’s high reactivity and relatively low melting point among rare-earth metals, wire/rod processing requires inert atmospheres, glovebox handling, and precise temperature control to avoid oxidation and grain embrittlement.